MENINGOCOCCAL MENINGITIS IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA - A MODEL FOR THE EPIDEMIC PROCESS

被引:161
作者
MOORE, PS [1 ]
机构
[1] UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO, CTR AIDS PREVENT, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94143 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1093/clinids/14.2.515
中图分类号
R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];
学科分类号
100102 ;
摘要
Epidemic group A meningococcal meningitis follows a unique and distinctive pattern in sub-Saharan Africa. Advances in molecular and field epidemiology have begun to elucidate the mechanisms of meningococcal meningitis epidemics. Epidemics result from a complex combination of host, organism, and environmental risk factors. Recent studies suggest that "antigenic shifts" in group A meningococcal clones may trigger an outbreak of disease by suddenly decreasing herd immunity within a population. Although the introduction of new group A meningococcal strains into a susceptible population contributes to the likelihood of an epidemic, the presence of additional environmental factors, such as low humidity and coincident respiratory tract infections, are also necessary for an epidemic to occur. Despite the unique behavior of group A meningococcal disease in sub-Saharan Africa, the application of similar methods of epidemiological analysis may be useful for determining epidemic processes for other diseases.
引用
收藏
页码:515 / 525
页数:11
相关论文
共 105 条
  • [11] Crowe B A, 1988, J Med Microbiol, V26, P183
  • [12] CLONAL AND VARIABLE PROPERTIES OF NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS ISOLATED FROM CASES AND CARRIERS DURING AND AFTER AN EPIDEMIC IN THE GAMBIA, WEST-AFRICA
    CROWE, BA
    WALL, RA
    KUSECEK, B
    NEUMANN, B
    OLYHOEK, T
    ABDILLAHI, H
    HASSANKING, M
    GREENWOOD, BM
    POOLMAN, JT
    ACHTMAN, M
    [J]. JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 1989, 159 (04) : 686 - 700
  • [13] A CLONAL ANALYSIS OF NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS SEROGROUP-A
    CROWE, BA
    OLYHOEK, T
    NEUMANN, B
    WALL, B
    HASSANKING, M
    GREENWOOD, B
    ACHTMAN, M
    [J]. ANTONIE VAN LEEUWENHOEK JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, 1987, 53 (06): : 381 - 388
  • [14] DENAMUR E, 1987, LANCET, V2, P1211
  • [15] LONGITUDINAL-STUDY OF ASYMPTOMATIC MENINGOCOCCAL CARRIAGE IN 2 BELGIAN POPULATIONS OF SCHOOLCHILDREN
    DEWALS, P
    GILQUIN, C
    DEMAEYER, S
    BOUCKAERT, A
    NOEL, A
    LECHAT, MF
    LAFONTAINE, A
    [J]. JOURNAL OF INFECTION, 1983, 6 (02) : 147 - 156
  • [16] PREVALENCE OF CONGENITAL OR ACQUIRED COMPLEMENT DEFICIENCY IN PATIENTS WITH SPORADIC MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE
    ELLISON, RT
    KOHLER, PF
    CURD, JG
    JUDSON, FN
    RELLER, LB
    [J]. NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, 1983, 308 (16) : 913 - 916
  • [17] MEASUREMENT OF THE HUMAN IMMUNE-RESPONSE TO MENINGOCOCCAL LIPOOLIGOSACCHARIDE ANTIGENS BY USING SERUM TO INHIBIT MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY BINDING TO PURIFIED LIPOOLIGOSACCHARIDE
    ESTABROOK, MM
    MANDRELL, RE
    APICELLA, MA
    GRIFFISS, JM
    [J]. INFECTION AND IMMUNITY, 1990, 58 (07) : 2204 - 2213
  • [18] RISK OF GROUP A MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE - BACTERIAL INTERFERENCE AND CROSS-REACTIVE BACTERIA AMONG MUCOSAL FLORA
    FILICE, GA
    HAYES, PS
    COUNTS, GW
    GRIFFISS, JM
    FRASER, DW
    [J]. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY, 1985, 22 (02) : 152 - 156
  • [19] FINLAY BB, 1988, MICROBIOL SCI, V5, P324
  • [20] FOY HM, 1988, AM J EPIDEMIOL, V127, P879, DOI 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114872