ELECTRODES WITH COVALENTLY ATTACHED MONOLAYERS

Cyclic and second-harmonic ac voltammetry has been used to study solution and solid state electrochemical reactions on metal oxide surfaces chemically modified with silyl derivatives of the type SnO//2/Si(CH//2)//3NH(CH//2)//xNR//1R//2. The R groups studied include pyrazoline derivatives, tetrathiafulvalene, and ferrocene. Electrode effects on solution redox reactions involving phenothiazine and benzoquinone have also been compared using both platinum electrodes and the chemically modified electrodes. The results from the various approaches used consistently indicate that the redox reactions are slower on modified as opposed to unmodified electrode surfaces.