VEGETATION CHANGES ON FORMERLY OVERGRAZED HILL SLOPES IN SEMIARID CENTRAL TANZANIA

被引：31

作者：

BACKEUS, I

RULANGARANGA, ZK

SKOGLUND, J

机构：

[1] Department of Ecological Botany, Uppsala University, Uppsala, S-752 36

[2] Department of Botany, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar Es Salaam

[3] Department of Ecology and Environmental Research, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, S-750 07

来源：

JOURNAL OF VEGETATION SCIENCE | 1994年 / 5卷 / 03期

关键词：

CANONICAL CORRESPONDENCE ANALYSIS; CATENA; CLASSIFICATION; CORRESPONDENCE ANALYSIS; DEGRADED ECOSYSTEM; EROSION; FIRE; SUCCESSION;

D O I：

10.2307/3235856

中图分类号：

Q94 [植物学];

学科分类号：

071001 ;

摘要：

Composition of hill slope vegetation was studied in a semi-arid part of upland Tanzania where all grazing had been banned for 12 yr. The hills had been severely overgrazed previously and suffered from heavy gully and sheet erosion. Eight vegetation types are described. Floristic gradients revealed by numerical ordination techniques were found to be related mainly to degree of erosion, soil type and succession. The more or less bare soil that prevailed after grazing had ceased is now covered by grassland, woodland and immature secondary forest. The grasslands are still characterized by early successional species and they will probably remain open grassland as long as frequent burning continues. Brachystegia woodlands may have developed during earlier periods when the field layer was sparse due to grazing. The grazing had reduced the frequency of fire which in turn promoted the establishment of Brachystegia spp. Secondary forests are believed to have developed mainly where fires were not frequent, particularly at higher altitudes.

引用

页码：327 / 336

页数：10

共 33 条

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