中国土壤湿度的变异及其对中国气候的影响

被引:23
作者
张人禾
刘栗
左志燕
机构
[1] 中国气象科学研究院
关键词
土壤湿度; 中国气候; 地表水分平衡; 地表能量平衡;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
S152.7 [土壤水分]; P461.4 [];
学科分类号
0903 ; 090301 ; 0706 ; 070601 ;
摘要
土壤湿度是气候系统中的重要参量,对地球系统中水分、能量以及地球生物化学循环都有重要影响。本文综述了关于土壤湿度对大气的影响,以及中国区域土壤湿度及其对中国气候影响的研究进展,分析了土壤湿度通过影响地表能量和水分平衡,进而影响大气的变化。现有研究表明:在中国东部春季,土壤湿度的气候分布表现为东北、长江中下游为高值区,华北较干,河套地区的土壤湿度最低;中国东部中纬度地区是土壤湿度年际变异最大的区域,并与东北区域呈反相变化;土壤湿度整体上呈现变干的趋势,深层土壤变干较浅层土壤显著,且东北和南方地区比中纬度地区的变干趋势显著。中国东部从长江流域到华北的春季土壤湿度偏高时,通过改变春末地表能量平衡可以导致东亚夏季风减弱,造成夏季华南和华北降水减小,长江中下游和东北降水增多。中国北方季风边缘区的土壤湿度对局地降水有显著影响,而土壤湿度对局地温度有显著影响的区域主要位于中国北方。
引用
收藏
页码:313 / 319
页数:7
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