京郊畜禽粪肥资源现状及其替代化肥潜力分析

被引：36

作者：

贾伟 ^{[1
]}

李宇虹 ^{[2
]}

陈清 ^{[1
]}

David Chadwick ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] 中国农业大学资源与环境学院

[2] 英国Bangor大学环境自然资源和地理学院

来源：

农业工程学报 | 2014年 / 30卷 / 08期

关键词：

粪便; 肥料; 养分; 规模化养殖; 作物养分需求量; 秸秆还田;

D O I：

暂无

中图分类号：

X713 [畜牧业];

学科分类号：

摘要：

随着都市型规模化养殖业快速发展,畜禽粪尿废物大量排放因缺乏足够面积土地消纳所带来的环境压力很大,而粪尿中的氮磷钾养分与化肥一样对作物同等重要,如何合理利用这些废物资源决定了都市化农业的可持续发展。该文针对京郊养殖业和农用地面积现状,结合调研、收集畜禽养分排泄系数和农田养分需求等参数,估算京郊固液粪便养分资源现状及其替代化肥的潜力。结果表明:京郊畜禽固液粪便中N、P、K养分量分别为58.7×103、21.3×103、29.8×103 t,其中固体粪便N、P、K养分分别为43.1×103、20.3×103和19.7×103 t,京郊畜禽固液粪便可分别满足农田N、P、K养分需求量的99.3%、185.2%、62.7%。大部分区县粪肥中P养分产生量超过作物P需求量,粮田秸秆还田可带入的N、P、K养分分别为11.0×103、1.6×103和15.0×103 t,情景分析表明在秸秆还田条件下,按照磷素平衡原则估算本地区所能消纳的粪肥所带入N、P和K养分数量分别为18.3×103、9.9×103和10.3×103 t,同时需要补充N、K化肥分别为29.8×103和22.2×103 t,其余粪肥则需经过堆肥化处理并输往外地。经过堆肥处理,固体粪肥可提供的N、P、K养分分别下降了23%、11%和12%,外输固体粪肥堆肥可进一步减少农田氮磷负荷以及可能的环境风险。

引用

页码：156 / 167

页数：12

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