不同氮水平下夏玉米农田土壤呼吸动态变化及碳平衡研究

被引：34

作者：

李银坤

陈敏鹏

夏旭

梅旭荣

李昊儒

郝卫平

机构：

[1] 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所农业部旱作节水农业重点实验室

来源：

生态环境学报 | 2013年 / 22卷 / 01期

关键词：

氮水平; 夏玉米; 土壤呼吸; 碳平衡;

D O I：

10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2013.01.013

中图分类号：

S513 [玉米（玉蜀黍）]; S154 [土壤生物学];

学科分类号：

0901 ; 071012 ; 0713 ;

摘要：

为探讨氮肥对华北平原高产农田土壤呼吸动态变化及其碳平衡的影响,试验设计了习惯施氮量(N228,228 kg·hm-2)、2/3习惯施氮量(N152,152 kg·hm-2)和不施氮(N0)3个处理,采用密闭静态箱法研究了不同施氮水平下夏玉米生长季农田的土壤呼吸速率季节变化、土壤呼吸与地温等环境因素的关系以及农田系统的碳平衡。结果表明,夏玉米农田土壤呼吸速率均值和土壤呼吸释放的总碳量分别为C 98.8-115.9 mg·m-2.h-1和C 2 232.3-2 524.2 kg·hm-2。与处理N0相比,处理N152(N 152kg·hm-2)和N225(N 225 kg·hm-2)的土壤呼吸速率均值分别增加了10.2%和17.4%,土壤呼吸释放的总碳量分别增加了6.74%和13.1%。地温(5 cm)和土壤含水量(0-10 cm)分别与土壤呼吸速率呈指数和二次曲线关系,R2均达显著水平。其中地温(5 cm)解释了土壤呼吸季节变化的55.9%-67.0%,而土壤含水量(0-10 cm)可解释土壤呼吸季节变化的25.3%-59.3%。土壤呼吸的温度敏感系数Q10在2.05-2.23之间,且随着施氮水平的提高而增加。处理N0、N152(N 152 kg·hm-2)和N228(N 228kg·hm-2)的土壤含水量分别是22.5%、22.7%和23.3%时,土壤呼吸速率达最高值,超过此阈值,土壤呼吸速率均呈下降的趋势。夏玉米农田系统是大气二氧化碳(CO2)重要的汇,净初级生产力(NPP)固碳量和农田系统的净碳输入(NEP)分别为C 6 829.1-8 950.2 kg·hm-2和C 4 898.2-6 766.8 kg·hm-2。处理N152(N 152 kg·hm-2)和N228(N 228 kg·hm-2)与处理N0相比,NPP固碳量分别增加了24.8%和131.1%,NEP分别增加了31.9%和38.1%。

引用

页码：18 / 24

页数：7

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