俯冲大洋岩石圈的相转变与俯冲带岩浆作用

被引:10
作者
魏春景
张颖慧
机构
[1] 不详
[2] 北京大学地球与空间科学学院,造山带与地壳演化教育部重点实验室
[3] 不详
关键词
脱水作用; 部分熔融; 大洋岩石圈俯冲; 俯冲带岩浆;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
P736.3 [海底矿物与岩石];
学科分类号
070901 ;
摘要
以有效的实验岩石学研究和相平衡模拟为基础讨论了大洋岩石圈俯冲过程中的两类变质作用,即在洋中脊玄武岩(MORB)、沉积岩和橄榄岩中发生的亚固相线脱水作用和部分熔融作用.含水MORB体系相图显示在冷俯冲P-T体制下,基性岩层中的大部分水或者在蓝片岩相开始以前(小于20km)释放,或者在硬柱石蓝片岩向硬柱石榴辉岩的转变深度(60~70km)通过蓝闪石脱水释放;只有小部分水会在与岛弧岩浆的活动对应的深度范围内通过硬柱石和硬绿泥石脱水释放;有很少一部分水保存在硬柱石和多硅白云母中,能够潜入更深的地幔.文献中对角闪石在岛弧岩浆形成中的作用仍然有争论.在冷俯冲P-T体制下,贫铝变质沉积岩中绿泥石和滑石与富铝变质泥质岩中的硬绿泥石和纤柱石在约80~100km的深度发生脱水,也会对岛弧岩浆的形成有一定的贡献.相比而言,含水橄榄岩中蛇纹石的脱水发生在120~180km的深度,在岛弧岩浆作用中起着重要作用.当洋壳沿着热P-T体制俯冲时,会在超过80km深处跨越固相线,在流体存在或流体缺失条件下发生部分熔融;在变质沉积岩中的熔融作用受黑云母和多硅白云母控制,在基性岩石中的熔融作用受绿帘石和角闪石控制.基性地壳产生的熔体成分在压力小于3.0GPa时是埃达克质的,但是在更高的压力下变成过铝花岗质.
引用
收藏
页码:2449 / 2459
页数:11
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