紫色土坡耕地硝酸盐流失过程与特征研究

被引：27

作者：

汪涛

朱波

罗专溪

张剑

机构：

[1] 中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所

来源：

土壤学报 | 2010年 / 47卷 / 05期

关键词：

紫色土; 坡耕地; 硝酸盐; 流失;

D O I：

暂无

中图分类号：

S153 [土壤化学、土壤物理化学];

学科分类号：

0903 ; 090301 ;

摘要：

通过对紫色土坡耕地地表径流、壤中流径流过程及其硝酸盐含量的长期监测,研究紫色土坡耕地硝酸盐流失特征。结果表明,径流过程对紫色土坡耕地硝酸盐流失过程影响明显。地表径流过程中硝酸盐含量随降雨历时表现为先升后降的趋势,而壤中流过程则表现为不断上升、趋于稳定的趋势。紫色土坡耕地硝酸盐流失潜在的环境风险极大,历次降雨产流事件中地表径流和壤中流NO3--N平均含量分别为0.73±0.17 mg L-1、21.72±2.05 mg L-1,其中,75%的地表径流NO3--N含量超过0.5 mg L-1,85%的壤中流NO3--N含量超过10 mg L-1。紫色土坡耕地地表径流NO3--N年流失负荷为0.93±0.05 kg hm-2,壤中流NO3--N年流失负荷为33.51±2.73 kg hm-2,分别占当季施肥量的0.62%、22.34%,随壤中流淋失是紫色土坡耕地硝酸盐流失的主要途径。紫色土坡耕地硝酸盐流失不仅可能造成当地地表水富营养化,而且可能造成当地浅层地下水硝酸盐污染,将加剧长江上游水环境压力。

引用

页码：962 / 970

页数：9

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