青藏高原隆升阶段性

被引：103

作者：

方小敏

机构：

[1] 中国科学院青藏高原研究所中国科学院青藏高原地球科学卓越创新中心

来源：

科技导报 | 2017年 / 35卷 / 06期

关键词：

青藏高原; 隆升; 阶段性;

D O I：

暂无

中图分类号：

P548 [区域构造地质学];

学科分类号：

070904 [构造地质学];

摘要：

青藏高原的隆升不仅是印度板块与亚洲板块碰撞导致的地球内部岩石圈地球动力学作用过程的结果,并且对全球和亚洲气候变化、亚洲地貌和地表环境过程及大量地内和地表矿产资源的形成分布产生了深刻影响。因而研究高原隆升的历史不仅对解决上述重大科学问题提供重要途径,而且可为高原区域资源环境的开发和可持续发展提供理论依据。简要回顾和梳理了国内外近年来,围绕青藏高原隆升所取得的主要进展。研究表明新生代青藏高原经历了多阶段、多幕次、准同步异幅且高原南北后期加速隆升的演化过程。具体可划分为55～30、25～10及8～0 Ma 3个主要生长隆升期次。其中55～30 Ma的高原早期隆升,主要集中在高原中南部的拉萨地块和羌塘地块,并且可能隆升到接近3 km高度,或甚至更高,有人称之为"原西藏高原",但其周缘存在准同步异幅的变形隆升响应;25～10 Ma的中期隆升,"原西藏高原"南北缘的喜马拉雅山和可可西里—昆仑山开始强烈隆升,"原西藏高原"率先隆升到目前高度并开始向东西两侧挤出物质、拉张形成南北向裂谷,高原北缘普遍产生广泛变形隆升但幅度有限;从约8 Ma开始的晚期隆升,高原南、北部边缘的喜马拉雅山和昆仑山—西秦岭以北的高原东北部隆升显著加速,经历一系列短暂快速的多幕次构造变形和生长隆升,最终形成现今高原面貌。

引用

页码：42 / 50

页数：9

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