热风-脉动压差闪蒸干燥对苹果片水分及微观结构的影响

被引:55
作者
王雪媛 [1 ,2 ]
陈芹芹 [1 ]
毕金峰 [1 ]
高琨 [1 ,2 ]
周林燕 [1 ]
吴昕烨 [1 ]
吕健 [1 ]
机构
[1] 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所/农业部农产品加工重点实验室
[2] 沈阳农业大学食品学院
关键词
干燥; 核磁共振; 苹果片; 水分有效扩散系数; 玻璃化转变温度; 水分活度; 微观结构;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
TS255.4 [水果加工食品];
学科分类号
083203 [农产品加工及贮藏工程];
摘要
该文应用菲克第二定律、采用低场核磁共振及磁共振成像系统(MRI,magnetic resonance imaging)、差示量热扫描、扫描电子显微镜等技术,分析不同预干燥温度对苹果片脉动压差闪蒸干燥过程中水分扩散和微观结构的变化。试验结果显示:随预干燥温度升高,水分扩散速率加快,有效水分扩散系数随温度升高而变大,整体范围在9.84×10-9~7.24×10-8 m2/s;干燥作用引起水分状态由高自由度向低自由度迁移,自由水含量在干燥初期迅速降低,不易流动水含量先增加后降低;MRI结果表明:苹果鲜样水分集中于中心部位,随干燥进行,水分向外扩散并均匀分布于样品中,含水率的降低,导致图像亮度呈现降低趋势,同时样品表现出向中心收缩的现象;脉动压差闪蒸干燥过程中,含水率与玻璃化转变(Tg)和水分活度(aw)之间表现出极显著相关性(R>0.90,p<0.01),含水率的降低引起Tg升高、aw降低,且Tg与aw之间呈线性相关(R2>0.81);水分的散失导致微观结构发生变化,细胞破裂形成空腔,脉动瞬间的真空作用促使苹果片多孔海绵状结构进一步形成,赋予其酥脆口感。该试验可以为苹果片在脉动压差闪蒸干燥方面提供理论依据和技术参考。
引用
收藏
页码:287 / 293
页数:7
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