农村基础设施、工农业劳动生产率差距与非农就业

被引:103
作者
骆永民 [1 ]
骆熙 [2 ]
汪卢俊 [1 ]
机构
[1] 南京财经大学财政与税务学院
[2] 不详
关键词
农村基础设施; 工农业劳动生产率差距; 非农就业;
D O I
10.19744/j.cnki.11-1235/f.2020.0186
中图分类号
F323 [农业经济建设与发展]; F249.2 [中国];
学科分类号
摘要
改革开放以后,中国农村劳动力开始大规模地向城市转移,其核心推动力主要有二:一是传统二元经济理论所强调的工农业劳动生产率差距,二是规模空前的农村基础设施建设。为考证农村基础设施对非农就业的综合影响,本文首先借助中国劳动力动态调查数据库(CLDS)对各种农村基础设施影响非农就业的微观机制进行了计量分析,结果发现:主要改善农民生活条件的基础设施(如诊所等),能够阻碍农民从事非农就业;主要提升劳动力交易效率、促进农业生产的基础设施比如道路、灌溉等,能够促进非农就业;随着工农业劳动生产率差距的缩小,农村基础设施促进非农就业的作用增加。进一步地,以上述结论作为微观基础构建动态一般均衡模型,发现在工业反哺农业、工农业劳动生产率差距缩小的宏观背景下,整体的农村基础设施投入能够促进非农就业,并且这种作用会在很长的一段时间内持续并强化。本文结论表明,为进一步促进新型城镇化的发展、缓解人口老龄化所带来的劳动力短缺问题,农村基础设施建设仍是重中之重。
引用
收藏
页码:91 / 121
页数:31
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