农业源氨排放影响因素研究进展

被引：26

作者：

王文林 ^{[1
]}

刘波 ^{[2
]}

韩睿明 ^{[3
]}

王烨 ^{[2
]}

刘筱 ^{[2
]}

徐乔 ^{[2
]}

李文静 ^{[1
]}

唐晓燕 ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所

[2] 南通大学地理科学学院

[3] 南京师范大学环境学院

来源：

生态与农村环境学报 | 2016年 / 32卷 / 06期

关键词：

农业源; 氨排放; 农田施肥; 畜禽养殖; 影响因素;

D O I：

暂无

中图分类号：

X71 [农业废物处理与综合利用];

学科分类号：

082803 ;

摘要：

氨（NH3）作为大气中碱性气体,在雾霾形成中起着关键性作用,从源头上控制NH3排放,对降低大气二次无机盐及PM2.5浓度水平,控制雾霾污染,大幅提升空气环境质量尤为重要。农业源NH3排放是大气中人为源NH3的主体,其主要来源于农田施肥和畜禽养殖。因此,总结农业源NH3排放国内外研究进展,分析NH3排放影响因素,对于了解其NH3排放过程与特征,进而针对性提出控制措施具有重要意义。为此,就农田施肥和畜禽养殖NH3排放影响因素的国内外研究现状进行了系统总结,结果发现,肥料类型、土壤理化性质、田间气象要素和施肥方式是影响农田施肥NH3排放的主要因素;畜禽饲料性质、禽舍环境和清粪模式是影响畜禽养殖NH3排放的主要因素。目前,农田施肥NH3排放研究主要是从农田氮地球化学循环过程和粮食增产需求角度开展,而畜禽养殖NH3排放研究主要从职业卫生健康角度开展,上述研究缺乏以NH3排放环境暴露风险为目的的考量。因此,开展以环境空气为排放界面的农业源NH3排污系数研究,制定农业源NH3排放清单,并基于环境暴露风险,明确农业源NH3排放优先控制区域,最终可为环境管理部门制定农业源NH3排放分区控制技术体系、策略与路线图以及标准与政策法规提供理论依据。

引用

页码：870 / 878

页数：9

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