谷氨酸转运体靶点药物的抗脑缺血作用研究进展

被引：3

作者：

黄龙飞

钱贻崧

关腾

黄梦昊

李运曼

机构：

[1] 中国药科大学生理教研室

来源：

中国新药杂志 | 2012年 / 04期

基金：

高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金; 国家自然科学基金重大研究计划;

关键词：

脑缺血; GLAST; GLT-1; 五环三萜;

D O I：

暂无

中图分类号：

R966 [分子药理学];

学科分类号：

100602 ; 100706 ;

摘要：

兴奋性氨基酸毒性是脑缺血损伤的主要机制之一。缺血期间谷氨酸的大量累积会导致神经元细胞、星形胶质细胞等神经细胞发生兴奋性毒性损伤,因此对缺血期间谷氨酸水平的调控一直是脑缺血防治药物研究的重点。近年来研究表明,通过上调星形胶质细胞上谷氨酸转运体GLAST(EAAT1)和GLT-1(EAAT2)的表达或活性,增加缺血时谷氨酸的摄取,维持突触间隙内谷氨酸的正常浓度,从而降低兴奋性毒性,减轻缺血性脑损伤。一些化合物如β-内酰胺类抗生素、尿酸、甲状腺激素、雌激素、山楂酸等已在体内或体外实验中被证实对谷氨酸转运体的调节作用,对抗谷氨酸毒性,发挥神经保护作用。研究和开发以星形胶质细胞谷氨酸转运体为作用靶点的药物,为缺血性脑损伤的预防和治疗提供了一条新的途径。

引用

页码：390 / 395

页数：6

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