髋臼外上方结构性植骨在髋关节发育不良全髋关节置换术中的应用

被引:17
作者
查国春 [1 ]
孙俊英 [2 ]
冯硕 [1 ]
杨志 [1 ]
陈向阳 [1 ]
郭开今 [1 ]
机构
[1] 徐州医学院附属医院骨关节外科
[2] 苏州大学附属第一医院骨科
关键词
骨疾病, 发育性; 骨移植; 关节成形术, 置换, 髋;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
R687.4 [关节手术];
学科分类号
100220 [骨科学];
摘要
目的评估采用髋臼外上方结构性植骨全髋关节置换术治疗髋关节发育不良的中远期临床疗效。方法 2002年4月至2011年12月, 采用髋臼外上方结构性植骨全髋关节置换术治疗髋关节发育不良33例(33髋), 男5例, 女28例;年龄21~76岁, 平均(54.0±14.5)岁。Crowe分型:Ⅱ型12例、Ⅲ型8例、Ⅳ型13例。评估Harris髋关节评分、双下肢长度差、髋关节旋转中心高度和水平距离、臼杯覆盖率、移植骨覆盖率及假体周围骨溶解、骨长入及臼杯松动等影像学征象。结果全部病例随访5~15年, 平均(9.3±3.3)年。Harris髋关节评分由术前(40.9±13.7)分提高至末次随访的(93.6±7.8)分(t=21.483, P=0.000);双下肢长度差由术前(24.2±17.1)mm下降至术后3个月的(3.7±3.5)mm(t=6.747, P=0.000);髋关节旋转中心高度由术前(45.9±16.0)mm下降至术后第3天的(23.8±5.8)mm(t=7.460, P=0.000), 髋关节旋转中心水平距离由术前(42.9±8.7)mm下降至术后第3天的(23.6±2.9)mm(t=12.090, P=0.000);臼杯覆盖率100%, 植骨块覆盖率27.1%±6.9%。髋臼外上方移植骨块均与髂骨融合, 平均愈合时间为(7.6±2.8)个月;植骨块覆盖率小于25%的病例骨融合时间为(6.3±2.4)个月, 较植骨块覆盖率大于25%的病例的(9.4±2.3)个月短(t=5.357, P=0.000)。至末次随访, 所有髋臼假体和股骨柄假体均获骨长入性固定。5例发生骨溶解, 髋臼Ⅱ区2例、股骨Ⅰ区3例和Ⅶ区5例。术中发生股骨骨折20例(61%, 20/33), 无神经损伤、骨不连、脱位等并发症发生。结论采用髋臼外上方结构性植骨的全髋关节置换术治疗髋关节发育不良可获得满意的中远期临床疗效和影像学稳定性。植骨块能够重建髋臼骨缺损, 移植骨块覆盖率小于25%时有利于植骨块与髂骨融合。术中股骨骨折为常见并发症。
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