唑来膦酸盐与骨质疏松症

被引:27
作者
张晓梅 [1 ]
刘忠厚 [2 ]
机构
[1] 杭州师范大学附属医院内分泌科
[2] 中国老年学学会骨质疏松委员会
关键词
双膦酸盐; 唑来膦酸盐; 骨折; 骨质疏松;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
R580 [];
学科分类号
摘要
目的双膦酸盐是目前抗骨质疏松治疗最常用药物。唑来膦酸盐是每年1次静脉注射用双膦酸盐,探讨唑来膦酸盐对骨质疏松的治疗作用及安全性分析。方法PubMed上检索应用唑来膦酸盐治疗骨质疏松及其他疾病的相关文献并进行分析。结果HORIZON-PFT 3年研究表明唑来膦酸盐与安慰剂比较,能明显降低椎体、非椎体骨折风险,增加骨密度,降低骨转换标志物水平,增加骨小梁容量。在90 d内行髋部骨折外科治疗的患者中进行的HORIZON-RFT研究发现唑来膦酸盐与安慰剂比较能够明显降低再发骨折风险,降低全因死亡率,增加髋部及股骨颈骨密度。绝经后低骨密度妇女从阿伦膦酸钠改为唑来膦酸盐3个月内平均骨转换标志物水平先下降,后逐渐增至绝经前妇女正常范围,且可维持腰椎骨密度值12个月。另一研究表明与阿伦膦酸钠比较,唑来膦酸盐能更迅速的降低骨吸收标志物,抑制骨吸收。在安全性方面唑来膦酸盐可能的副作用包括急性一过性不良反应,如发热、肌痛、流感样症状,主要为轻到中度,常发生在静脉输注后3 d内,3~7 d左右缓解。研究表明唑来膦酸盐短期内可能引起肾功能的变化,但长期对肾功能未发现明显影响。颌骨骨质疏松性坏死可能与唑来膦酸盐相关,但发生率较低,且多发生在恶性肿瘤如多发性骨髓瘤和转移癌的患者中,尚未证实颌骨骨质疏松性坏死风险增高与用于治疗骨质疏松症批准剂量的唑来膦酸盐有关。其他少见的副作用包括房颤,无症状及一过性低钙血症,尚需要大样本长期研究证实。结论每年1次唑来膦酸盐是治疗绝经后骨质疏松新的选择。
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页码:857 / 863+867 +867
页数:8
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