管饲喂养发生误吸的危险因素及防治

[1] Pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents in patients receiving mechanical ventilation: the effect of body position. Torres A,Serra-Batlle J,Ros E et al. Annals of Internal Medicine . 1992

[2] Supine body position as a risk factor for nosocomial pneumonia in mechanically ventilated patients : A randomized trial. Drakulovic MB,Torres A,Bauer TT et al. The Lancet . 1999

[3] Guidelineforpreventionofnosocomialpneumonia.Thehospitalinfectioncontrolpracticesadviso rycommittee,centersfordiseasecontrolandprevention. TablanOC,AndersonLJ,ArdenNHetal. InfectControlHospEpidemiol . 1994

[4] Aspiration pneumonitis and aspiration pneumonia. Marik PE. The New England Journal of Medicine . 2001

[5] A predictive risk index for nosocomial pneumonia in the intensive care unite. Joshi N,Localio R,Hamory B. The American Journal of Medicine . 1992

[6] Assessment of aspiration risk in stroke patients with quantification of voluntary cough. Smith Hammond CA,Goldstein LB,Zajac DJ et al. Neurology . 2001

[7] Physiological and pathophysiological implications of upper airway reflexs in humans. Nishino T. Japanese Journal of Physiology . 2000

[8] Acute re-spiratory distress in adults. Ashbaugh DG,Bigelow DB,Petty TL,et al. The Lancet . 1967

[9] Lower esophageal sphincter dysfunction precludes safe gastric feeding after head injury. Saxe JM,Ledgerwood AM,Lucas CE et al. J Trauma Injury Infect Crit Care . 1994

[10] Gastric emptying in head-injured patients. Kao CH,ChangLai SP,Chieng PU,et al. The American journal of Gastroenterology . 1998

[1] Pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents in patients receiving mechanical ventilation: the effect of body position. Torres A,Serra-Batlle J,Ros E et al. Annals of Internal Medicine . 1992

[2] Supine body position as a risk factor for nosocomial pneumonia in mechanically ventilated patients : A randomized trial. Drakulovic MB,Torres A,Bauer TT et al. The Lancet . 1999

[3] Guidelineforpreventionofnosocomialpneumonia.Thehospitalinfectioncontrolpracticesadviso rycommittee,centersfordiseasecontrolandprevention. TablanOC,AndersonLJ,ArdenNHetal. InfectControlHospEpidemiol . 1994

[4] Aspiration pneumonitis and aspiration pneumonia. Marik PE. The New England Journal of Medicine . 2001

[5] A predictive risk index for nosocomial pneumonia in the intensive care unite. Joshi N,Localio R,Hamory B. The American Journal of Medicine . 1992

[6] Assessment of aspiration risk in stroke patients with quantification of voluntary cough. Smith Hammond CA,Goldstein LB,Zajac DJ et al. Neurology . 2001

[7] Physiological and pathophysiological implications of upper airway reflexs in humans. Nishino T. Japanese Journal of Physiology . 2000

[8] Acute re-spiratory distress in adults. Ashbaugh DG,Bigelow DB,Petty TL,et al. The Lancet . 1967

[9] Lower esophageal sphincter dysfunction precludes safe gastric feeding after head injury. Saxe JM,Ledgerwood AM,Lucas CE et al. J Trauma Injury Infect Crit Care . 1994

[10] Gastric emptying in head-injured patients. Kao CH,ChangLai SP,Chieng PU,et al. The American journal of Gastroenterology . 1998