Re-Os同位素测年法在油气成藏年代学的研究进展

被引:16
作者
蔡长娥 [1 ,2 ]
邱楠生 [1 ,2 ]
徐少华 [1 ]
机构
[1] 中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与探测国家重点实验室
[2] 中国石油大学(北京)盆地与油藏研究中心
关键词
放射性年龄; 187Os/188Os比值; 硫酸盐热化学还原作用;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
P618.13 [石油、天然气]; P597.3 [];
学科分类号
摘要
铼—锇(Re-Os)同位素应用于油气成藏年代学是近10年来的一个前沿领域,在国际上已取得了重要成果,目前国内对此方法的应用还较缺乏。利用Re-Os同位素测年法开展页岩或沥青等富有机质沉积岩的研究,可以精确厘定油气运移和充注时间,也可以有效示踪烃源岩。在阅读国内外大量文献的基础上,概述了Re-Os同位素定年原理,分析了海水—沉积物中Re和Os元素的富集过程,总结了Re-Os同位素测年的测试对象、样品准备和分析测试方法。指出初始187Os/188Os比值不仅可以限定油气生成和油气充注的年龄,还可以有效评价源—油关系;放射成因的187Os/188Os比值与烃源岩年龄呈正相关。认为烃类成熟度、生物降解作用和水洗作用不足以造成Re-Os等时线图中出现离散点,而初始187Os/188Os比值变化、沉积后Re和Os的流动性和硫酸盐热化学还原作用是引起Re-Os等时线图中出现离散点的3个主要原因。Re-Os年龄的重现性和准确性与样品颗粒的大小及取样量密切相关。相对于其他同位素测年法,Re-Os同位素测年法的最大优势在于对直接参与油气成藏的地质体进行研究,可以得到油气成藏期的直接证据。最后探讨了现阶段ReOs同位素体系研究中尚存在的问题,就未来研究热点和发展方向做出展望,以期能有效推动Re-Os同位素定年相关的理论和技术的深入发展。
引用
收藏
页码:1362 / 1371
页数:10
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