国外计算思维教育研究进展

被引:64
作者
刘敏娜 [1 ,2 ]
张倩苇 [1 ]
机构
[1] 华南师范大学教育信息技术学院
[2] 不详
关键词
计算思维; 算法思维; 程序思维; 计算参与; 问题解决; 21世纪技能;
D O I
10.13966/j.cnki.kfjyyj.2018.01.005
中图分类号
G511 [教育改革与发展];
学科分类号
摘要
计算思维作为21世纪学生应具备的关键能力,越来越受到教育者的关注。为了更好地开展计算思维教育,了解国外计算思维概念的发展及计算思维教育研究进展迫在眉睫。本研究通过对EBSCO数据库搜索计算思维文献,并采用"滚雪球"方法,共得到102篇相关文献,然后从计算思维概念的起源、发展和本质,教育内容,教育活动的实施及评价四方面进行内容分析。计算思维有算法思维和程序思维两种起源说;从算法思维、程序思维到计算思维正式提出再到实践中的计算思维,其内涵呈现多角度、交叉重叠且越来越精细的特征;计算思维的本质是抽象。计算思维教育内容主要涉及计算思维的过程阶段要素及其基本概念和能力,教育内容具有多样性。教育活动形式主要有基于屏幕的编程、制作和控制数字有形物及通用方法三种。计算思维评价分别在教育实施中评价、测试平台开发和评价量表上取得了一定研究成果。计算思维教育研究存在内容界定不清、学习结果评价重计算原理轻思维技能、课堂环境下的实证研究亟待加强、缺乏人文学科领域的研究以及教师的计算思维教学能力亟待提升等问题。
引用
收藏
页码:41 / 53
页数:13
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