历史人类学与近代区域社会史研究

The marriage of historiography and anthropology gave birth to historical anthropology.For historians,historical anthropology is a research approach and research trend:it adopts anthropology's field research methods,and emphasizes the historicity of the research subject;it tries to keep a distance from the research subject,and makes every effort to collect materials directly from the field.On this basis,it forms a research trend stressing time and process as well as space and structure;attaching importance to the analysis,examination,selection and interpretation of historical data;emphasizing “participatory experience” and a sense of historical presence,and also stressing the analysis of the different expressions of all classes and organizations.This trend stresses the historical formation process of regions,and stresses that researchers should not be constrained by rigid limits of time and space,but rather take human beings as the center of their research,and problems as its basis,to break dualistic opposites of “state vs.locality”,“general knowledge vs.local knowledge”,“big traditions vs.small traditions”,and so on,and to further develop modern regional social history.Two cases—the chrysanthemum festival of Xiaolan Town,Zhongshan County,Guangdong Province,and local self-government in the Jiangnan region in the late Qing and early Republican periods—can be used to illustrate the relationship between historical anthropology and modern regional social history.