脱细胞真皮基质修复组织缺损研究进展

被引：11

作者：

陆莹莹

许争

温东朋

王国胜

机构：

[1] 哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院结肠直肠外科

来源：

国际生物医学工程杂志 | 2017年 / 40卷 / 01期

关键词：

脱细胞真皮基质; 制备; 临床应用;

D O I：

暂无

中图分类号：

R318.08 [生物材料学];

学科分类号：

100103 [病原生物学];

摘要：

脱细胞真皮基质(ADM)是一类经过特殊方法分离皮肤表皮与真皮, 去除真皮层内的朗格汉斯细胞、血管内皮细胞、成纤维细胞等附件细胞以及抗原成分主要组织相容性复合物(MHC)而仅保留胶原纤维、弹力蛋白等细胞外基质的特殊生物材料。ADM不引起机体排斥反应, 为组织修复提供了良好支架, 便于血管化和宿主细胞植入。其制备过程包括分离表皮与真皮、脱细胞成分及打孔、冷冻干燥等。根据分类方法的不同, ADM可分为同种异体ADM和异种ADM、补片型及注射型ADM、交联型与非交联型ADM, 同时已有产品相继问世, 可根据临床需要进行选择。ADM现已广泛应用于各外科领域, 如深度皮肤烧伤、乳腺癌术后乳腺重建、修复口腔黏膜、腹壁疝及声带麻痹等。因其自身特点, 临床应用前景广阔。就ADM近年来的研究进展作一综述。

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