性别收入差距问题研究新进展

被引:17
作者
孔令文
机构
[1] 华中科技大学经济学院
关键词
性别收入差距; 性别职业隔离; 性别歧视; 生育;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
F249.1 [世界];
学科分类号
摘要
通过文献回顾,本文首先简述了性别收入差距的分布特点及变化趋势:从地区角度来看,全球各国的性别收入差距收窄趋势并不明显,大部分欧美发达国家的性别收入差距处于世界中低水平,亚洲、非洲和拉美地区的国家性别收入差距较高;从人群角度来看,低收入人群的性别收入差距收窄趋势更明显,而收入越高、年龄越大的人群性别收入差距越大;性别收入差距还会因行业、职位、婚姻状况、教育水平的差异而不同。进一步地,本文总结了性别收入差距的影响因素:人力资本、性别职业隔离等因素对性别收入差距的影响是传统研究关注的焦点,但它们对性别收入差距的解释力正受到质疑,性别收入差距不能被解释的部分被归结为性别歧视的影响;另外,越来越多学者开始关注政策制度、公司治理结构、生育及其他因素对性别收入差距的重要影响。最后,本文梳理了性别收入差距对经济增长、贫富差距以及个体发展的负面影响,并总结了各国缩小性别收入差距的有效策略。
引用
收藏
页码:117 / 129
页数:13
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