千米尺度分辨率下GRAPES-Meso4.0模式定量降水预报性能评估

被引:47
作者
许晨璐 [1 ]
王建捷 [2 ]
黄丽萍 [2 ]
机构
[1] 中国气象科学研究院
[2] 国家气象中心
关键词
千米尺度分辨率; GRAPES-MesoV4.0; 预报降水评估;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
P457.6 [降水预报];
学科分类号
摘要
应用覆盖中国东南部的3 km分辨率GRAPES-Meso4.0模式(GRAPES-Meso4.03 km)2015年夏季实时预报试验结果、同区域1600多个中国国家地面气象观测站每日08:00—08:00BT的24 h累积降水量和逐时降水量观测资料,从降水累积量、降水频率、降水强度、日循环特征等多个角度,对千米尺度分辨率下GRAPES-Meso4.0模式的降水预报性能进行细致评估,并与同版本10 km分辨率业务模式(GRAPES-Meso4.010 km)同期结果在相同区域进行类同对比分析和讨论。结果表明:(1)GRAPES-Meso4.03 km很好地捕捉到了2015年夏季观测的日均降水量和降水频率的大小及地域分布特征,其一般性降水(中雨及以下)频率平均低于实况约3个百分点,强降水(大雨及以上量级)频率与实况近乎吻合,纠正了GRAPESMeso4.010 km在这两方面存在的显著预报正偏差,均方根误差(RMSE)减小了40%—50%;(2)GRAPES-Meso4.03 km在降水强度预报上的优势主要表现为:对降水强度的地域分布细致特征和对短时强降水(雨强≥10 mm/h)的频数和分布等把握比较准确,但对强降水(一般性降水)的强度预报偏强(偏弱);(3)GRAPES-Meso4.03 km小时降水量和降水频率的日循环预报可反映出研究区域观测的双峰总体特征以及雨量和频率在日循环中的紧密联系,明显优于GRAPES-Meso4.010 km的表现,尽管下午(16时,北京时)峰的预报还存在偏弱现象;(4)模式分辨率提高到千米尺度和模式显式描述云和降水过程,是GRAPES-Meso4.03 km降水预报性能较GRAPES-Meso4.010 km提高的关键原因,模式初值差异也是不可忽视的影响因素。
引用
收藏
页码:851 / 876
页数:26
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