滴灌条件下冬小麦田间土壤蒸发的测定和模拟

被引:18
作者
张彦群 [1 ]
王建东 [1 ]
龚时宏 [1 ]
吴忠东 [2 ]
机构
[1] 中国水利水电科学研究院水利研究所
[2] 山东理工大学资源与环境工程学院
关键词
灌溉; 土壤; 蒸发; 滴灌; 秸秆覆盖; 冬小麦; 模拟;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
S512.11 [];
学科分类号
摘要
田间蒸发蒸腾总量(ETa)及其各分量的变化过程是农田水分利用与管理的主要依据。该文采用微型蒸发器(micro-lysimeters,MLS)对不同滴灌制度及覆盖处理下冬小麦田间土壤蒸发(Es)进行测定及评价。研究结果表明,滴灌条件下,采用内径10 cm,高度15 cm的MLS,在无降雨时每5 d换土能满足田间Es测定的精度要求(误差<5%);滴灌条件下覆盖处理Es和Es/ETa均显著低于不覆盖处理,各处理的Es均值在0.98~1.30 mm/d之间,Es/ETa在33.0%44.5%之间。此外,构建了基于灌水后天数(Dai)为自变量的Es简易估算模型,可在不获取表层土壤含水率的情况下,实现对滴灌条件下土壤蒸发较为精准的估算。该研究所建立的Es估算模型提供了滴灌农田Es的一种量化方法,确定的Es占ETa比例及其受覆盖等农艺措施的影响可为相关农业水管理实践提供科学指导。
引用
收藏
页码:91 / 98
页数:8
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