Effect of oral contraceptives on risk of cervical cancer in women with human papillomavirus infection:: the IARC multicentric case-control study

被引:414
作者
Moreno, V
Bosch, FX
Muñoz, N
Meijer, CJLM
Shah, DV
Valboomers, JMM
Herrero, R
Franceschi, S
机构
[1] Hosp Duran & Reynals, Catalan Inst Oncol, Epidemiol & Canc Registry Serv, Barcelona 08903, Spain
[2] Int Agcy Res Canc, Unit Field & Intervent Studies, F-69372 Lyon, France
[3] Free Univ Amsterdam Hosp, Amsterdam, Netherlands
[4] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA
[5] Costa Rica Canc Inst, San Jose, Costa Rica
关键词
D O I
10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08150-3
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Background Use of oral contraceptives could increase risk of cervical cancer; however the effect of human papillomavirus (HPV), the main cause of cervical cancer, is not usually taken into account. We aimed to assess how use of oral contraceptives affected risk of cervical cancer in women who tested positive for HPV DNA. Methods We pooled data from eight case-control studies of patients with histologically confirmed invasive cervical carcinoma (ICC) and from two studies of patients with carcinoma in situ (ISC). Information about use of oral contraceptives was obtained from personal interviews. Effects were estimated as odds ratios, with logistic-regression models adjusted for possible confounders. Findings 1465 of 1561 (94%) patients with ICC, 211 of 292 (72%) with ISC, and 255 of 1916 (13%) controls were positive for HPV DNA. Compared with never-users, patients who had used oral contraceptives for fewer than 5 years did: not have increased risk of cervical cancer (odds ratio 0.73; 95% CI 0.52-1-03). The odds ratio for use of oral contraceptives was 2.82 (95% Cl 1.46-5-42) for 5-9 years, and 4.03 (2.09-8.02) for use for 10 years or longer, and these risks did not vary by time since first or last use. Interpretation Long-term use of oral contraceptives could be a cofactor that increases risk of cervical carcinoma by up to four-fold in women who are positive for cervical HPV DNA. In the absence of worldwide information about HPV status, extra effort should be made to include long-term users of oral contraceptives in cervical screening programmes.
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页码:1085 / 1092
页数:8
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