Synthesis of substituted carbazoles, indoles, and dibenzofurans by vinylic to aryl palladium migration

被引:86
作者
Zhao, Jian [1 ]
Larock, Richard C. [1 ]
机构
[1] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1021/jo060727r
中图分类号
O62 [有机化学];
学科分类号
070303 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Substituted carbazoles, indoles, and dibenzofurans are readily prepared in moderate to excellent yields by the palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling of alkynes and appropriately substituted aryl iodides. This process proceeds by carbopalladation of the alkyne, heteroatom-directed vinylic to aryl palladium migration, and ring closure via intramolecular arylation or a Mizoroki-Heck reaction. Results from the deuterium labeling experiments are consistent with the proposed mechanism.
引用
收藏
页码:5340 / 5348
页数:9
相关论文
共 38 条
[1]  
Battistuzzi G, 2002, EUR J ORG CHEM, V2002, P2671
[2]  
BLACK DS, 1993, SYNLETT, P610
[3]   Cyclocarbopalladation:: Sequential cyclization and C-H activation/Stille cross-coupling in the Pd-5-exo-dig reaction [J].
Bour, C ;
Suffert, J .
ORGANIC LETTERS, 2005, 7 (04) :653-656
[4]   Observations on the intramolecular Heck reactions of aromatic chlorides using palladium/imidazolium salts [J].
Caddick, S ;
Kofie, W .
TETRAHEDRON LETTERS, 2002, 43 (51) :9347-9350
[5]   1,4-Palladium migration via C-H activation, followed by arylation: Synthesis of fused polycycles [J].
Campo, MA ;
Huang, QH ;
Yao, TL ;
Tian, QP ;
Larock, RC .
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, 2003, 125 (38) :11506-11507
[6]  
CAMPO MA, UNPUB J AM CHEM SOC
[7]   DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANOPALLADIUM(IV) CHEMISTRY - FUNDAMENTAL-ASPECTS AND SYSTEMS FOR STUDIES OF MECHANISM IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY AND CATALYSIS [J].
CANTY, AJ .
ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH, 1992, 25 (02) :83-90
[8]  
CRICH D, 2005, J ORG CHEM, V70, P2834
[9]   Synthesis of substituted carbazoles and β-carbolines by cyclization of diketoindole derivatives [J].
Duval, E ;
Cuny, GD .
TETRAHEDRON LETTERS, 2004, 45 (28) :5411-5413
[10]   TRANSITION-METALS IN THE SYNTHESIS AND FUNCTIONALIZATION OF INDOLES [J].
HEGEDUS, LS .
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION IN ENGLISH, 1988, 27 (09) :1113-1226