Multistep navigation of Langerhans/dendritic cells in and out of the skin

被引:105
作者
Jakob, T
Ring, J
Udey, MC
机构
[1] Tech Univ Munich, Dept Dermatol & Allergy Biederstein, Div Environm Dermatol & Allergy GSF TUM, D-80802 Munich, Germany
[2] GSF, Natl Res Ctr Environm & Hlth, Div Environm Dermatol & Allergy GSF TUM, Neuherberg, Germany
[3] NCI, Dermatol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
关键词
Langerhans cells; dendritic cells; migration-trafficking; adhesion; chemokines; skin; allergy; immune regulation;
D O I
10.1067/mai.2001.118797
中图分类号
R392 [医学免疫学];
学科分类号
100102 ;
摘要
Langerhans cells (LCs) are specialized antigen-presenting cells that reside in the epidermis as sentinels of the immune system. LCs constantly monitor the epidermal microenvironment by taking up antigen and processing it into fragments that can be recognized by cells of the adaptive immune response. Because of their unique migratory ability, LCs can transport antigen from the epidermis to regional lymph nodes, where they can initiate systemic immune responses. The mechanisms of LC trafficking thus seem to be of particular relevance for the induction and maintenance of cutaneous immunity. LCs or their putative precursors express surface molecules that allow them to home to skin and localize in the epidermis for prolonged periods of time. Tissue injury, microbial infection, and other perturbants of epidermal homeostasis (eg, contact allergens) provide danger signals, leading to a local production of proinflammatory cytokines that induce LC mobilization to the lymphoid tissue. At the same time, signals are generated that recruit LC precursors into the skin to maintain the epidermal LC population. Distinct pairs of chemokines and their receptors control the migration from blood to epidermis and from there to the regional lymphatics. In addition, trafficking is controlled at the level of cell adhesion, where LCs downregulate some adhesion molecules to exit the epidermis and upregulate others to migrate across the extracellular matrix and home to T-cell areas of regional lymphoid tissue. The improved understanding of mechanisms that regulate LC trafficking might offer new opportunities for therapeutic interventions to suppress, stimulate, or deviate cutaneous immune responses.
引用
收藏
页码:688 / 696
页数:9
相关论文
共 69 条
  • [11] Regulation of epidermal Langerhans cell migration by lactoferrin
    Cumberbatch, M
    Dearman, RJ
    Uribe-Luna, S
    Headon, DR
    Ward, PP
    Conneely, OM
    Kimber, I
    [J]. IMMUNOLOGY, 2000, 100 (01) : 21 - 28
  • [12] CUMBERBATCH M, 1992, IMMUNOLOGY, V75, P257
  • [13] Langerhans cell migration in mice requires intact type I interleukin 1 receptor (IL-1RI) function
    Cumberbatch, M
    Dearman, RJ
    Kimber, I
    [J]. ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGICAL RESEARCH, 1999, 291 (06) : 357 - 361
  • [14] Interleukin 1 beta and the stimulation of Langerhans cell migration: Comparisons with tumour necrosis factor alpha
    Cumberbatch, M
    Dearman, RJ
    Kimber, I
    [J]. ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGICAL RESEARCH, 1997, 289 (05) : 277 - 284
  • [15] Macrophage inflammatory protein 3α is expressed at inflamed epithelial surfaces and is the most potent chemokine known in attracting Langerhans cell precursors
    Dieu-Nosjean, MC
    Massacrier, C
    Homey, B
    Vanbervliet, B
    Pin, JJ
    Vicari, A
    Lebecque, S
    Dezutter-Dambuyant, C
    Schmitt, D
    Zlotnik, A
    Caux, C
    [J]. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE, 2000, 192 (05) : 705 - 717
  • [16] ENK AH, 1993, J IMMUNOL, V150, P3698
  • [17] EARLY MOLECULAR EVENTS IN THE INDUCTION-PHASE OF CONTACT SENSITIVITY
    ENK, AH
    KATZ, SI
    [J]. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 1992, 89 (04) : 1398 - 1402
  • [18] CCR7 coordinates the primary immune response by establishing functional microenvironments in secondary lymphoid organs
    Förster, R
    Schubel, A
    Breitfeld, D
    Kremmer, E
    Renner-Müller, I
    Wolf, E
    Lipp, M
    [J]. CELL, 1999, 99 (01) : 23 - 33
  • [19] Transforming growth factor β1 in the presence of granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin 4, induces differentiation of human peripheral blood monocytes into dendritic Langerhans cells
    Geissmann, F
    Prost, C
    Monnet, JP
    Dy, M
    Brousse, N
    Hermine, O
    [J]. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE, 1998, 187 (06) : 961 - 966
  • [20] Geissmann F, 1999, J IMMUNOL, V162, P4567