Drought Sensitivity of the Amazon Rainforest

被引：1306

作者：

Phillips, Oliver L. ^{[1
]}

Aragao, Luiz E. O. C. ^{[2
]}

Lewis, Simon L. ^{[1
,2
]}

Fisher, Joshua B. ^{[2
]}

Lloyd, Jon ^{[1
,2
]}

Lopez-Gonzalez, Gabriela ^{[1
]}

Malhi, Yadvinder ^{[2
]}

Monteagudo, Abel ^{[3
]}

Peacock, Julie ^{[1
]}

Quesada, Carlos A. ^{[1
,4
]}

van der Heijden, Geertje ^{[1
]}

Almeida, Samuel ^{[5
]}

Amaral, Ieda ^{[4
,6
]}

Arroyo, Luzmila ^{[7
,8
]}

Aymard, Gerardo ^{[9
]}

Baker, Tim R. ^{[1
]}

Banki, Olaf ^{[10
]}

Blanc, Lilian ^{[11
]}

Bonal, Damien ^{[12
]}

Brando, Paulo ^{[13
,14
,15
]}

Chave, Jerome ^{[16
]}

Alves de Oliveira, Atila Cristina ^{[4
]}

Cardozo, Nallaret Davila ^{[17
]}

Czimczik, Claudia I. ^{[18
]}

Feldpausch, Ted R. ^{[1
]}

Freitas, Maria Aparecida ^{[5
]}

Gloor, Emanuel ^{[1
]}

Higuchi, Niro ^{[19
]}

Jimenez, Eliana ^{[20
]}

Lloyd, Gareth ^{[21
]}

Meir, Patrick ^{[22
]}

Mendoza, Casimiro ^{[23
]}

Morel, Alexandra ^{[2
]}

Neill, David A. ^{[8
,24
]}

Nepstad, Daniel ^{[25
,26
]}

Patino, Sandra ^{[1
,11
]}

Cristina Penuela, Maria ^{[20
]}

Prieto, Adriana ^{[27
]}

Ramirez, Fredy ^{[17
]}

Schwarz, Michael ^{[1
,28
]}

Silva, Javier ^{[2
]}

Silveira, Marcos ^{[29
]}

Thomas, Anne Sota ^{[30
]}

ter Steege, Hans ^{[31
]}

Stropp, Juliana ^{[31
]}

Vasquez, Rodolfo ^{[3
]}

Zelazowski, Przemyslaw ^{[2
]}

Alvarez Davila, Esteban ^{[32
]}

Andelman, Sandy ^{[6
]}

Andrade, Ana ^{[4
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England

[2] Univ Oxford, Environm Change Inst, Sch Geog & Environm, Oxford OX1 3QY, England

[3] Jardin Bot Missouri, Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru

[4] Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, BR-69060011 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil

[5] Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, BR-66077830 Belem, Para, Brazil

[6] Conservat Int, Trop Ecol Assessment & Monitoring Network, Arlington, VA 22202 USA

[7] Museo Hist Nat Noel Kempff Mercado, Santa Cruz, Bolivia

[8] Missouri Bot Garden, St Louis, MO 63166 USA

[9] Univ Nacl Expt Los Llanos Occidentales Ezequiel Z, Herbario Univ PORTI, Programa Ciencias Agro & Mar, Mesa De Cavacas 3350, Portuguesa, Venezuela

[10] Natl Herbarium Nederland, NL-3584 CS Utrecht, Netherlands

[11] CIRAD, UMR EcoFoG, Kourou 97387, French Guiana

[12] INRA, UMR EcoFoG, Kourou 97387, French Guiana

[13] Inst Pesquisa Ambiental Amazonia, BR-66035 Belem, Para, Brazil

[14] Univ Florida, Dept Bot, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA

[15] Univ Florida, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA

[16] Univ Toulouse 3, Lab EDB, F-31062 Toulouse, France

[17] Univ Nacl Amazonia Peruana, Iquitos, Loreto, Peru

[18] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA

[19] Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Dept Silvicultura Trop, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil

[20] Univ Nacl Colombia, Leticia, Amazonas, Colombia

[21] Natl Australia Bank, UB2211, Docklands, Vic 3008, Australia

[22] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Edinburgh EH8 9XP, Midlothian, Scotland

[23] FOMABO Manejo Forestal Tierras Trop Bolivia, Sacta, Bolivia

[24] Jatun Sacha Fdn, Quito, Ecuador

[25] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Falmouth, MA 02540 USA

[26] Gordon & Betty Moore Fdn, San Francisco, CA 94129 USA

[27] Inst Alexander von Humboldt, Villa De Leyva, Boyaca, Colombia

[28] Univ Bayreuth, Bayreuth Ctr Ecol & Environm Res, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany

[29] Univ Fed Acre, Dept Ciencias Nat, BR-69910900 Rio Branco, AC, Brazil

[30] Humboldt Univ, Fac Agr & Hort, D-10557 Berlin, Germany

[31] Univ Utrecht, Fac Sci, Dept Biol, Inst Environm Biol, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands

[32] Univ Tolima, Fac Ingn Forestal, Ibague 546, Colombia

[33] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA

[34] NYU, Dept Anthropol, Ctr Study Human Origins, New York, NY 10003 USA

[35] Inst Invest Amazonia Peruana, Loreto, Peru

[36] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama

[37] Ctr Invest & Capacitac Rio de Los Amigos, Madre De Dios, Peru

[38] Univ Nacl San Antonio Abad Cusco, Cuzco, Peru

[39] Univ Los Andes, Fac Ciencias Forestales, INDEFOR, Merida, Venezuela

[40] Univ Nacl Colombia, Inst Ciencias Nat, Bogota, Colombia

[41] Serv Florestal Brasileiro, BR-70818900 Brasilia, DF, Brazil

[42] Duke Univ, Ctr Trop Conservat, Durham, NC 27708 USA

来源：

SCIENCE | 2009年 / 323卷 / 5919期

关键词：

TROPICAL FORESTS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CARBON; MORTALITY; IMPACT; TREE; DYNAMICS; EXCHANGE; TRENDS; XYLEM;

D O I：

10.1126/science.1164033

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Amazon forests are a key but poorly understood component of the global carbon cycle. If, as anticipated, they dry this century, they might accelerate climate change through carbon losses and changed surface energy balances. We used records from multiple long-term monitoring plots across Amazonia to assess forest responses to the intense 2005 drought, a possible analog of future events. Affected forest lost biomass, reversing a large long-term carbon sink, with the greatest impacts observed where the dry season was unusually intense. Relative to pre-2005 conditions, forest subjected to a 100-millimeter increase in water deficit lost 5.3 megagrams of aboveground biomass of carbon per hectare. The drought had a total biomass carbon impact of 1.2 to 1.6 petagrams (1.2 x 10(15) to 1.6 x 10(15) grams). Amazon forests therefore appear vulnerable to increasing moisture stress, with the potential for large carbon losses to exert feedback on climate change.

引用

页码：1344 / 1347

页数：4

共 32 条

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