Can cognitive processes be inferred from neuroimaging data?

被引:1285
作者
Poldrack, RA [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
[2] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1016/j.tics.2005.12.004
中图分类号
B84 [心理学]; C [社会科学总论]; Q98 [人类学];
学科分类号
03 ; 0303 ; 030303 ; 04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
There is much interest currently in using functional neuroimaging techniques to understand better the nature of cognition. One particular practice that has become common is 'reverse inference', by which the engagement of a particular cognitive process is inferred from the activation of a particular brain region. Such inferences are not deductively valid, but can still provide some information. Using a Bayesian analysis of the BrainMap neuroimaging database, I characterize the amount of additional evidence in favor of the engagement of a cognitive process that can be offered by a reverse inference. Its usefulness is particularly limited by the selectivity of activation in the region of interest. I argue that cognitive neuroscientists should be circumspect in the use of reverse inference, particularly when selectivity of the region in question cannot be established or is known to be weak.
引用
收藏
页码:59 / 63
页数:5
相关论文
共 23 条
[1]  
Aguirre G.K., 2003, BEHAV NEUROLOGY COGN, P35
[2]   Gene Ontology: tool for the unification of biology [J].
Ashburner, M ;
Ball, CA ;
Blake, JA ;
Botstein, D ;
Butler, H ;
Cherry, JM ;
Davis, AP ;
Dolinski, K ;
Dwight, SS ;
Eppig, JT ;
Harris, MA ;
Hill, DP ;
Issel-Tarver, L ;
Kasarskis, A ;
Lewis, S ;
Matese, JC ;
Richardson, JE ;
Ringwald, M ;
Rubin, GM ;
Sherlock, G .
NATURE GENETICS, 2000, 25 (01) :25-29
[3]   Human prefrontal cortex is not specific for working memory: A functional MRI study [J].
D'Esposito, M ;
Ballard, D ;
Aguirre, GK ;
Zarahn, E .
NEUROIMAGE, 1998, 8 (03) :274-282
[4]   The neural basis of altruistic punishment [J].
de Quervain, DJF ;
Fischbacher, U ;
Treyer, V ;
Schelthammer, M ;
Schnyder, U ;
Buck, A ;
Fehr, E .
SCIENCE, 2004, 305 (5688) :1254-1258
[5]   Pup suckling is more rewarding than cocaine: Evidence from functional magnetic resonance Imaging and three-dimensional computational analysis [J].
Ferris, CF ;
Kulkarni, P ;
Sullivan, JM ;
Harder, JA ;
Messenger, TL ;
Febo, M .
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE, 2005, 25 (01) :149-156
[6]   BrainMap taxonomy of experimental design: Description and evaluation [J].
Fox, PT ;
Laird, AR ;
Fox, SP ;
Fox, PM ;
Uecker, AM ;
Crank, M ;
Koenig, SF ;
Lancaster, JL .
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING, 2005, 25 (01) :185-198
[7]   Toward evidence-based medical statistics. 2: The Bayes factor [J].
Goodman, SN .
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, 1999, 130 (12) :1005-1013
[8]   An fMRI investigation of emotional engagement in moral judgment [J].
Greene, JD ;
Sommerville, RB ;
Nystrom, LE ;
Darley, JM ;
Cohen, JD .
SCIENCE, 2001, 293 (5537) :2105-2108
[9]   What can functional neuroimaging tell the experimental psychologist? [J].
Henson, R .
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY SECTION A-HUMAN EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY, 2005, 58 (02) :193-233
[10]  
HENSON R, 2006, TRENDS COGN SCI, V10