Direct evidence of extensive diversity of HIV-1 in Kinshasa by 1960

被引:362
作者
Worobey, Michael [1 ]
Gemmel, Marlea [1 ]
Teuwen, Dirk E. [2 ,3 ]
Haselkorn, Tamara [1 ]
Kunstman, Kevin [4 ]
Bunce, Michael [5 ]
Muyembe, Jean-Jacques [6 ,7 ]
Kabongo, Jean-Marie M. [6 ]
Kalengayi, Raphael M. [6 ]
Van Marck, Eric [8 ]
Gilbert, M. Thomas P. [1 ]
Wolinsky, Steven M. [4 ]
机构
[1] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
[2] Sanofi Pasteur, F-69367 Lyon 07, France
[3] UCB SA Pharma, BE-1420 Braine Lalleud, Belgium
[4] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
[5] Murdoch Univ, Sch Biol Sci & Biotechnol, Ancient DNA Lab, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
[6] Univ Kinshasa, Dept Anat & Pathol, Kinshasa, DEM REP CONGO
[7] Natl Lab Publ Hlth, Natl Inst Biomed Res, Kinshasa, DEM REP CONGO
[8] Univ Antwerp, Univ Hosp, Dept Pathol, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
关键词
D O I
10.1038/nature07390
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 ( HIV- 1) sequences that pre- date the recognition of AIDS are critical to defining the time of origin and the timescale of virus evolution(1,2). A viral sequence from 1959 ( ZR59) is the oldest known HIV- 1 infection(1). Other historically documented sequences, important calibration points to convert evolutionary distance into time, are lacking, however; ZR59 is the only one sampled before 1976. Here we report the amplification and characterization of viral sequences from a Bouin's- fixed paraffin- embedded lymph node biopsy specimen obtained in 1960 from an adult female in Leopoldville, Belgian Congo ( now Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo ( DRC)), and we use them to conduct the first comparative evolutionary genetic study of early pre- AIDS epidemic HIV- 1 group M viruses. Phylogenetic analyses position this viral sequence ( DRC60) closest to the ancestral node of subtype A ( excluding A2). Relaxed molecular clock analyses incorporating DRC60 and ZR59 date the most recent common ancestor of the M group to near the beginning of the twentieth century. The sizeable genetic distance between DRC60 and ZR59 directly demonstrates that diversification of HIV- 1 in west- central Africa occurred long before the recognized AIDS pandemic. The recovery of viral gene sequences from decades- old paraffin- embedded tissues opens the door to a detailed palaeovirological investigation of the evolutionary history of HIV- 1 that is not accessible by other methods.
引用
收藏
页码:661 / U57
页数:5
相关论文
共 27 条
[1]   Origin of HIV type 1 in colonial French Equatorial Africa? [J].
Chitnis, A ;
Rawls, D ;
Moore, J .
AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES, 2000, 16 (01) :5-8
[2]   Inference of viral evolutionary rates from molecular sequences [J].
Drummond, A ;
Pybus, OG ;
Rambaut, A .
ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY, VOL 54: THE EVOLUTION OF PARASITISM-A PHYLOGENETIC PERSPECTIVE, 2003, 54 :331-358
[3]  
Drummond AJ, 2005, MOL BIOL EVOL, V22, P1185, DOI [10.1093/molbev/msi103, 10.1093/molbev/mss075]
[4]   BEAST: Bayesian evolutionary analysis by sampling trees [J].
Drummond, Alexei J. ;
Rambaut, Andrew .
BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY, 2007, 7 (1)
[5]   Relaxed phylogenetics and dating with confidence [J].
Drummond, Alexei J. ;
Ho, Simon Y. W. ;
Phillips, Matthew J. ;
Rambaut, Andrew .
PLOS BIOLOGY, 2006, 4 (05) :699-710
[6]   The Isolation of Nucleic Acids from Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Tissues-Which Methods Are Useful When? [J].
Gilbert, M. Thomas P. ;
Haselkorn, Tamara ;
Bunce, Michael ;
Sanchez, Juan J. ;
Lucas, Sebastian B. ;
Jewell, Laurence D. ;
Van Marck, Eric ;
Worobey, Michael .
PLOS ONE, 2007, 2 (06)
[7]   The emergence of HIV/AIDS in the Americas and beyond [J].
Gilbert, M. Thomas P. ;
Rambaut, Andrew ;
Wlasiuk, Gabriela ;
Spira, Thomas J. ;
Pitchenik, Arthur E. ;
Worobey, Michael .
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2007, 104 (47) :18566-18570
[8]   AIDS - AIDS as a zoonosis: Scientific and public health implications [J].
Hahn, BH ;
Shaw, GM ;
De Cock, KM ;
Sharp, PM .
SCIENCE, 2000, 287 (5453) :607-614
[9]  
HANCE WA, 1970, POPULATION MIGRATION, P209
[10]   MRBAYES: Bayesian inference of phylogenetic trees [J].
Huelsenbeck, JP ;
Ronquist, F .
BIOINFORMATICS, 2001, 17 (08) :754-755