The entomological inoculation rate and Plasmodium falciparum infection in African children

被引:219
作者
Smith, DL
Dushoff, J
Snow, RW
Hay, SI
机构
[1] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
[2] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA
[3] KEMRI, Ctr Geog Med, Malaria Publ Hlth & Epidemiol Grp, Kenyatta Hosp, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
[4] Univ Oxford, John Radcliffe Hosp, Ctr Trop Med, Oxford OX3 9DS, England
[5] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, TALA Res Grp, Oxford OX1 3PS, England
基金
英国惠康基金;
关键词
D O I
10.1038/nature04024
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Malaria is an important cause of global morbidity and mortality. The fact that some people are bitten more often than others has a large effect on the relationship between risk factors and prevalence of vector-borne diseases(1-3). Here we develop a mathematical framework that allows us to estimate the heterogeneity of infection rates from the relationship between rates of infectious bites and community prevalence. We apply this framework to a large, published data set that combines malaria measurements from more than 90 communities(4). We find strong evidence that heterogeneous biting or heterogeneous susceptibility to infection are important and pervasive factors determining the prevalence of infection: 20% of people receive 80% of all infections. We also find that individual infections last about six months on average, per infectious bite, and children who clear infections are not immune to new infections. The results have important implications for public health interventions: the success of malaria control will depend heavily on whether efforts are targeted at those who are most at risk of infection.
引用
收藏
页码:492 / 495
页数:4
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