Comparison of fasting blood sugar and serum lipid profile changes after treatment with atypical antipsychotics olanzapine and risperidone

INTRODUCTION This study aimed to compare the effects of the two most commonly prescribed atypical antipsychotics, olanzapine and risperidone, on fasting blood sugar and serum lipid profile of the recipients. METHODS A randomised, comparative, open clinical study was conducted on 60 schizophrenic patients. The patients were divided into two groups, one receiving olanzapine and the other receiving risperidone. The patients were assessed for changes in fasting blood sugar and serum lipid profile (triglycerides [TG], high-density lipoprotein [HDL], low-density lipoprotein [LDL], very-low-density lipoprotein [VLDL] and total cholesterol) eight weeks after starting treatment. The number of patients positive for fasting blood sugar and lipid profile criteria of metabolic syndrome was calculated by applying the modified National Cholesterol Education Programme Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines (NCEP ATP III) criteria at eight weeks. RESULTS Patients treated with olanzapine showed a highly significant increase in the observed parameters, whereas those treated with risperidone showed a significant increase in fasting blood sugar, HDL and LDL levels, and a highly significant increase in other parameters. Intergroup comparison was insignificant except for TG, VLDL and total cholesterol levels. More men as compared to women fulfilled the NCEP ATP III criteria for metabolic syndrome in both groups. CONCLUSION Olanzapine has a higher propensity to cause derangement of some parameters of lipid profile than risperidone. These parameters include TG, VLDL and total cholesterol levels.