Nanostructured p-n Junctions for Kinetic-to-Electrical Energy Conversion

被引:97
作者
Briscoe, Joe [1 ]
Stewart, Mark [2 ]
Vopson, Melvin [2 ]
Cain, Markys [2 ]
Weaver, Paul M. [2 ]
Dunn, Steve [1 ]
机构
[1] Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Engn & Mat Sci, Ctr Mat Res, London E1 4NS, England
[2] Natl Phys Lab, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England
基金
英国工程与自然科学研究理事会;
关键词
energy harvesting; hybrid; p-n junctions; piezoelectrics; zinc oxide; DEPOLARIZATION-FIELD; ZNO; POLARIZATION; COMPLEX; SYSTEM; CHARGE; FILMS;
D O I
10.1002/aenm.201200205
中图分类号
O64 [物理化学(理论化学)、化学物理学];
学科分类号
070304 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Piezoelectric ZnO nanorods grown on a flexible substrate are combined with the p-type semiconducting polymer PEDOT:PSS to produce a p-n junction device that successfully demonstrates kinetic-to-electrical energy conversion. Both the voltage and current output of the devices are measured to be in the range of 10 mV and 10 mu A cm-2. Combining these figures for the best device gives a maximum possible power density of 0.4 mW cm-3. Systematic testing of the devices is performed showing that the voltage output increases linearly with applied stress, and is reduced significantly by illumination with super-band gap light. This provides strong evidence that the voltage output results from piezoelectric effects in the ZnO. The behavior of the devices is explained by considering the time-dependent changes in band structure resulting from the straining of a piezoelectric material within a p-n junction. It is shown that the rate of screening of the depolarisation field determines the power output of a piezoelectric energy harvesting device. This model is consistent with the behavior of a number of previous devices utilising the piezoelectric effect in ZnO.
引用
收藏
页码:1261 / 1268
页数:8
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