Liver X receptors in cardiovascular and metabolic disease

被引:89
作者
Geyeregger, R
Zeyda, M
Stulnig, TM
机构
[1] Med Univ Vienna, Clin Div Endocrinol & Metab, Dept Internal Med 2, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
[2] Austrian Acad Sci, CeMM, Ctr Mol Med, A-1010 Vienna, Austria
关键词
liver X receptor; macrophages; atherosclerosis; cardiovascular disease; diabetes mellitus; metabolic syndrome;
D O I
10.1007/s00018-005-5398-3
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Liver X receptors (LXRs) alpha and beta are nuclear oxysterol receptors and metabolic sensors initially found to regulate cholesterol metabolism and lipid biosynthesis. Recent studies have elucidated the importance of LXR in the development of cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders. LXR agonists prevent development of atherosclerosis by modulation of metabolic as well as inflammatory gene expression in rodent models. Moreover, LXR activation inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis and lowers serum glucose levels, indicating possible application of LXR activation in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. However, first-generation LXR agonists elevate hepatic and serum trigylceride levels, making subtype-specific agonists and selective LXR modulators rather than unselective LXR agonists a potential pharmacological strategy. This review summarizes the multiple physiological and pathophysiological implications of LXRs and observations that identify LXRs as potential targets for therapeutic interventions in human cardiovascular and metabolic disease.
引用
收藏
页码:524 / 539
页数:16
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