p27 deregulation in breast cancer: Prognostic significance and implications for therapy

被引:74
作者
Alkarain, A
Jordan, R
Slingerland, J
机构
[1] Univ Toronto, Sunnybrook & Womens Hlth Sci Ctr, Toronto, ON, Canada
[2] UCSF, Dept Oral Pathol, San Francisco, CA USA
[3] UCSF, Dept Pathol, San Francisco, CA USA
[4] Univ Miami, Sch Med, Braman Breast Canc Inst, Sylvester Comprehens Canc Ctr, Miami, FL USA
关键词
cell cycle; p27; breast cancer; prognosis; signal transduction;
D O I
10.1023/B:JOMG.0000023589.00994.5e
中图分类号
R73 [肿瘤学];
学科分类号
100214 ;
摘要
p27 is a key regulator of G1-to-S phase progression. It prevents premature activation of cyclin E-cdk2 in G1 and promotes the assembly and activation of D-type cyclin-cdks. While the p27 gene is rarely mutated in human cancers, the action of p27 is impaired in breast and other human cancers through accelerated p27 proteolysis, sequestration by cyclin D-cdks, and by p27 mislocalization in tumor cell cytoplasm. Reduced p27 protein is strongly associated with high histopathologic tumor grade, reflecting a lack of tumor differentiation. Loss of p27 is also an indicator of poor patient outcome in a majority of breast cancer studies, including node negative disease. The broad application of p27 in the clinical evaluation of breast cancer prognosis will require a consensus on methods of tumor fixation, staining, and scoring. This review will focus on mechanisms of p27 regulation in normal cells and how deregulation of p27 may arise in breast and other human cancers. The prognostic significance of p27 in human breast cancer and the possible therapeutic implications of these findings will also be reviewed.
引用
收藏
页码:67 / 80
页数:14
相关论文
共 158 条
[31]  
Esposito V, 1997, CANCER RES, V57, P3381
[32]   Dependence of cyclin E-CDK2 kinase activity on cell anchorage [J].
Fang, F ;
Orend, G ;
Watanabe, N ;
Hunter, T ;
Ruoslahti, E .
SCIENCE, 1996, 271 (5248) :499-502
[33]   A syndrome of multiorgan hyperplasia with features of gigantism, tumorigenesis, and female sterility in p27(Kip1)-deficient mice [J].
Fero, ML ;
Rivkin, M ;
Tasch, M ;
Porter, P ;
Carow, CE ;
Firpo, E ;
Polyak, K ;
Tsai, LH ;
Broudy, V ;
Perlmutter, RM ;
Kaushansky, K ;
Roberts, JM .
CELL, 1996, 85 (05) :733-744
[34]   The murine gene p27Kip1 is haplo-insufficient for tumour suppression [J].
Fero, ML ;
Randel, E ;
Gurley, KE ;
Roberts, JM ;
Kemp, CJ .
NATURE, 1998, 396 (6707) :177-180
[35]   INACTIVATION OF A CDK2 INHIBITOR DURING INTERLEUKIN 2-INDUCED PROLIFERATION OF HUMAN T-LYMPHOCYTES [J].
FIRPO, EJ ;
KOFF, A ;
SOLOMON, MJ ;
ROBERTS, JM .
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY, 1994, 14 (07) :4889-4901
[36]   Tamoxifen for prevention of breast cancer: Report of the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project P-1 study [J].
Fisher, B ;
Costantino, JP ;
Wickerham, DL ;
Redmond, CK ;
Kavanah, M ;
Cronin, WM ;
Vogel, V ;
Robidoux, A ;
Dimitrov, N ;
Atkins, J ;
Daly, M ;
Wieand, S ;
Tan-Chiu, E ;
Ford, L ;
Wolmark, N .
JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE, 1998, 90 (18) :1371-1388
[37]   ROLE OF CELL-SHAPE IN GROWTH-CONTROL [J].
FOLKMAN, J ;
MOSCONA, A .
NATURE, 1978, 273 (5661) :345-349
[38]   ACTH promotion of p27Kip1 induction in mouse Y1 adrenocortical tumor cells is dependent on both PKA activation and Akt/PKB inactivation [J].
Forti, FL ;
Schwindt, TT ;
Moraes, MS ;
Eichler, CB ;
Armelin, HA .
BIOCHEMISTRY, 2002, 41 (31) :10133-10140
[39]   High level expression of p27(kip1) and cyclin D1 in some human breast cancer cells: Inverse correlation between the expression of p27(kip1) and degree of malignancy in human breast and colorectal cancers [J].
Fredersdorf, S ;
Burns, J ;
Milne, AM ;
Packham, G ;
Fallis, L ;
Gillett, CE ;
Royds, JA ;
Peston, D ;
Hall, PA ;
Hanby, AM ;
Barnes, DM ;
Shousha, S ;
OHare, MJ ;
Lu, X .
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 1997, 94 (12) :6380-6385
[40]   The cell-cycle regulatory protein Cks1 is required for SCFSkp2-mediated ubiquitinylation of p27 [J].
Ganoth, D ;
Bornstein, G ;
Ko, TK ;
Larsen, B ;
Tyers, M ;
Pagano, M ;
Hershko, A .
NATURE CELL BIOLOGY, 2001, 3 (03) :321-324