Development of a model for occipital fixation - validation of an analogue bone material

Several implant systems may be used to fuse the skull to the upper cervical spine (occipito-cervical fusion). Current biomechanical evaluation is restricted by the limitations of human cadaveric specimens. This paper describes the design and validation of a synthetic testing model of the occipital bone. Data From thickness measurement and pull-out strength testing of a series of human cadaveric skulls was used in the design of a high-density rigid polyurethane foam model. The synthetic occipital model demonstrated repeatable and consistent morphological and biomechanical properties. The model provides a standardized enviroment for evaluation of occipital implants.