Measurement of the Optical Conductivity of Graphene

被引:1418
作者
Mak, Kin Fai [1 ]
Sfeir, Matthew Y. [2 ]
Wu, Yang [1 ]
Lui, Chun Hung [1 ]
Misewich, James A. [2 ]
Heinz, Tony F. [1 ]
机构
[1] Columbia Univ, Dept Phys & Elect Engn, New York, NY 10027 USA
[2] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.196405
中图分类号
O4 [物理学];
学科分类号
0702 ;
摘要
Optical reflectivity and transmission measurements over photon energies between 0.2 and 1.2 eV were performed on single-crystal graphene samples on a SiO2 substrate. For photon energies above 0.5 eV, graphene yielded a spectrally flat optical absorbance of (2.3 +/- 0.2)%. This result is in agreement with a constant absorbance of pi alpha, or a sheet conductivity of pi e(2)/2h, predicted within a model of noninteracting massless Dirac fermions. This simple result breaks down at lower photon energies, where both spectral and sample-to-sample variations were observed. This "nonuniversal" behavior is explained by including the effects of doping and finite temperature, as well as contributions from intraband transitions.
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页数:4
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