Dalteparin thromboprophylaxis for critically ill medical-surgical patients with renal insufficiency

被引:67
作者
Rabbat, CG
Cook, DJ [1 ]
Crowther, MA
McDonald, E
Clarke, F
Meade, MO
Lee, KA
Cook, RJ
机构
[1] McMaster Univ, Dept Med, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
[2] McMaster Univ, Dept Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
[3] Univ Waterloo, Dept Stat, Waterloo, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
[4] Univ Waterloo, Dept Actuarial Sci, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
关键词
dalterarin; thromboprophylaxis; renal insufficiency;
D O I
10.1016/j.jcrc.2005.09.009
中图分类号
R4 [临床医学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100602 ;
摘要
Purpose: Thromboprophylaxis with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) may be more effective than unfractionated heparin but also more likely to bioaccumulate and potentially cause bleeding in patients with renal insufficiency. The objectives of this study were to assess, among medical-surgical patients in the intensive care unit receiving dalteparin 5000 IU daily for thromboprophylaxis, (1) the relationship between renal dysfunction and LMWH bioaccumulation as measured by trough anti-Xa levels, (2) the relationship between renal dysfunction and risk of bleeding as measured by a surrogate marker (peak anti-Xa levels), and (3) the relationship between anti-Xa levels, bleeding events, and thrombotic events. Materials and Methods: In this prospective single-center cohort study, we enrolled patients 18 years or older, expected to stay 72 hours or longer, and with a creatinine clearance 30 mL/min or higher at intensive care unit admission. We administered 5000 IU dalteparin subcutaneously each day. The main phase I objective was to detect bioaccumulation of dalteparin by measuring trough anti-Xa levels (22-23 hours post dalteparin). The main phase 2 objective was to examine the relationship between renal dysfunction and peak anti-Xa levels (4 hours post dalteparin). We recorded creatinine clearance daily and bleeding and thrombotic events, blinded to anti-Xa levels. Results: We enrolled 19 patients aged 62.7 (13.2) years with an APACHE 11 score of 23.5 (9.4). We measured trough anti-Xa levels on 185 occasions in 19 patients; we measured peak anti-Xa levels on 113 occasions in I I patients. We identified no bioaccumulation of LMWTI in this study, as detected by trough anti-Xa levels. Most peak anti-Xa levels were in the conventional prophylactic range. Conclusions: When administered in prophylactic doses to critically ill patients with a wide range of calculated creatinine clearances, we found no evidence of bioaccumulation of dalteparin. If dalteparin does not bioaccumulate, it may be an attractive alternative agent for thromboprophylaxis. (C) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:357 / 363
页数:7
相关论文
共 29 条
  • [11] A comparison of low-dose heparin with low-molecular-weight heparin as prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism after major trauma
    Geerts, WH
    Jay, RM
    Code, KI
    Chen, EL
    Szalai, JP
    Saibil, EA
    Hamilton, PA
    [J]. NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, 1996, 335 (10) : 701 - 707
  • [12] Intravenous and subcutaneous weight-based dosing of the low molecular weight heparin tinzaparin (Innohep) in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis
    Hainer, JW
    Sherrard, DJ
    Swan, SK
    Barrett, JS
    Assaid, CA
    Fossler, MJ
    Cox, DS
    Williams, RM
    Pittenger, AL
    Stephenson, CA
    Hua, TA
    [J]. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES, 2002, 40 (03) : 531 - 538
  • [13] Screening for asymptomatic deep vein thrombosis in surgical intensive care patients
    Harris, LM
    Curl, GR
    Booth, FV
    Hassett, JM
    Leney, G
    Ricotta, JJ
    [J]. JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY, 1997, 26 (05) : 764 - 769
  • [14] PREVALENCE OF DEEP VENOUS THROMBOSIS AMONG PATIENTS IN MEDICAL INTENSIVE GALE
    HIRSCH, DR
    INGENITO, EP
    GOLDHABER, SZ
    [J]. JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, 1995, 274 (04): : 335 - 337
  • [15] Deep vein thrombosis during prolonged mechanical ventilation despite prophylaxis
    Ibrahim, EH
    Iregui, M
    Prentice, D
    Sherman, G
    Kollef, MH
    Shannon, W
    [J]. CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE, 2002, 30 (04) : 771 - 774
  • [16] Prevention of venous thromboembolism in critically ill medical patients: A Franco-Canadian cross-sectional study
    Lacherade, JC
    Cook, D
    Heyland, D
    Chrusch, C
    Brochard, L
    Brun-Buisson, C
    [J]. JOURNAL OF CRITICAL CARE, 2003, 18 (04) : 228 - 237
  • [17] LEVINE MN, 1989, THROMB HAEMOSTASIS, V62, P940
  • [18] The incidence of deep venous thrombosis in ICU patients
    Marik, PE
    Andrews, L
    Maini, B
    [J]. CHEST, 1997, 111 (03) : 661 - 664
  • [19] Antifactor Xa activity in intensive care patients receiving thromboembolic prophylaxis with standard doses of enoxaparin
    Mayr, AJ
    Dünser, M
    Jochberger, S
    Fries, D
    Klingler, A
    Joannidis, M
    Hasibeder, W
    Schobersberger, W
    [J]. THROMBOSIS RESEARCH, 2002, 105 (03) : 201 - 204
  • [20] McCart GM, 2002, ANN PHARMACOTHER, V36, P1042