OVERVIEW OF RUNAWAY ELECTRON CONTROL AND MITIGATION EXPERIMENTS ON TORE SUPRA AND LESSONS LEARNED IN VIEW OF ITER

被引：18

作者：

St-Laurent, F. ^{[1
]}

Martin, G. ^{[1
]}

Alarcon, T. ^{[1
]}

Le Luyer, A. ^{[1
]}

Parks, P. B. ^{[2
]}

Pastor, P. ^{[1
]}

Putvinski, S. ^{[3
]}

Reux, C. ^{[1
]}

Bucalossi, J. ^{[1
]}

Bremond, S. ^{[1
]}

Moreau, Ph. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] CEA, IRFM, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France

[2] Gen Atom, San Diego, CA 92186 USA

[3] ITER Org, F-13115 St Paul Les Durance, France

来源：

FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY | 2013年 / 64卷 / 04期

关键词：

disruption mitigation; runaway electron control; runaway electron mitigation;

D O I：

10.13182/FST13-A24090

中图分类号：

TL [原子能技术]; O571 [原子核物理学];

学科分类号：

0827 ; 082701 ;

摘要：

Runaway electrons (REs) generated during disruption are identified as a major issue for ITER and reactor-size tokamaks. Such electrons are produced when a large toroidal electric field is generated in the plasma. This field continuously accelerates low-collisional electrons up to relativistic energy. Such a large electric field occurs both in the plasma core at thermal quench of the disruption when the current profile flattens due to high magnetohydrodynamic activity, and during the current quench (CQ) of a disruption. These REs may initiate secondary RE generation during CQ due to the avalanching process, leading to a multiplication of these relativistic electrons. The impact of REs on the first wall is well localized due to their very small pitch angle. The energy deposition may be huge, and plasma-facing component damages are often reported. Mitigation techniques are thus mandatory to suppress RE formation or/and reduce their heat loads. Two ways are explored on Tore Supra: (a) suppressing the RE beam formation and avalanche amplification by multiple gas jet injections at CQ and (b) controlling the RE beam when it is formed and increasing the collisionality to slow down the relativistic electrons.

引用

页码：711 / 718

页数：8