Chemical constituents and biological activities of the fruit of Zanthoxylum integrifoliolum

Through continuing studies on the chemical constituents and antiplatelet aggregation principles of the fruit of the Formosan Zanthoxylum integrifoliolum, four new compounds - including two new lignans, (+)(+)-pinoresinol-di-3,3-dimethylallyl ether (1), and (+)-pinoresinol-3,3-dimethylallyl ether (2); zanthonitrile (3), and one new flavonoid, 3,5-diacetyltambulin (4) - and 18 known compounds were isolated from the CHCl3-soluble fraction. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral data and chemical evidence. Among the isolates, including the previously reported isobutylamides, 13 compounds showed strong in vitro antiplatelet aggregation activity, with only (-)-tetrahydroberberine showing weak vasorelaxing effect in high potassium- or norepinephrine-induced contraction of rat aorta.