Defining the sizes of airborne particles that mediate influenza transmission in ferrets

被引:71
作者
Zhou, Jie [1 ]
Wei, Jianjian [2 ]
Choy, Ka-Tim [1 ]
Sia, Sin Fun [1 ]
Rowlands, Dewi K. [3 ]
Yu, Dan [1 ]
Wu, Chung-Yi [4 ]
Lindsley, William G. [5 ]
Cowling, Benjamin J. [1 ]
McDevitt, James [6 ]
Peiris, Malik [1 ]
Li, Yuguo [2 ]
Yen, Hui-Ling [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Hong Kong, Li Ka Shing Fac Med, Sch Publ Hlth, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
[2] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Mech Engn, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
[3] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Lab Anim Serv Ctr, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
[4] Acad Sinica, Genom Res Ctr, Taipei, Taiwan
[5] NIOSH, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA
[6] Harvard Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
influenza virus; droplet transmission; airborne transmission; airborne particles; ferrets; A VIRUS; NEURAMINIDASE ACTIVITY; GLOBAL MORTALITY; M SEGMENT; AEROSOLS; HEMAGGLUTININ; POLYMERASE; BALANCE; SPREAD;
D O I
10.1073/pnas.1716771115
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Epidemics and pandemics of influenza are characterized by rapid global spread mediated by non-mutually exclusive transmission modes. The relative significance between contact, droplet, and airborne transmission is yet to be defined, a knowledge gap for implementing evidence-based infection control measures. We devised a transmission chamber that separates virus-laden particles by size and determined the particle sizes mediating transmission of influenza among ferrets through the air. Ferret-to-ferret transmission was mediated by airborne particles larger than 1.5 mu m, consistent with the quantity and size of virus-laden particles released by the donors. Onward transmission by donors was most efficient before fever onset and may continue for 5 days after inoculation. Multiple virus gene segments enhanced the transmissibility of a swine influenza virus among ferrets by increasing the release of virus-laden particles into the air. We provide direct experimental evidence of influenza transmission via droplets and fine droplet nuclei, albeit at different efficiency.
引用
收藏
页码:E2386 / E2392
页数:7
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