Conditioning injury-induced spinal axon regeneration fails in interleukin-6 knock-out mice

被引:206
作者
Cafferty, WBJ
Gardiner, NJ
Das, P
Qiu, J
McMahon, SB
Thompson, SWN
机构
[1] Kings Coll London, Guys Kings & St Thomas Sch Biomed Sci, Ctr Res Neurosci, London SE1 1UL, England
[2] Univ Manchester, Sch Biol Sci, Manchester M13 9PT, Lancs, England
[3] Univ Plymouth, Sch Biol Sci, Plymouth PL4 8AA, Devon, England
基金
英国惠康基金;
关键词
IL-6 (interleukin-6); CNS; regeneration; conditioning lesion; axotomy; dorsal root ganglia;
D O I
10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2245-02.2004
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Regeneration of injured adult sensory neurons within the CNS is essentially abortive, attributable in part to lesion-induced or revealed inhibitors such as the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans and the myelin inhibitors (Nogo-A, MAG, and OMgp). Much of this inhibition may be overcome by boosting the growth status of sensory neurons by delivering a conditioning lesion to their peripheral branches. Here, we identify a key role for the lesion-induced cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) in mediating conditioning lesion-induced enhanced regeneration of injured dorsal column afferents. In adult mice, conditioning injury to the sciatic nerve 1 week before bilateral dorsal column crush resulted in regeneration of dorsal column axons up to and beyond the injury site into host CNS tissue. This enhanced growth state was accompanied by an increase in the expression of the growth-associated protein GAP43 in preinjured but not intact dorsal root ganglia (DRGs). Preconditioning injury of the sciatic nerve in IL-6-/- mice resulted in the total failure in regeneration of dorsal column axons consequent on the lack of GAP43 upregulation after a preconditioning injury. DRGs cell counts and cholera toxin beta subunit labeling revealed that impaired regeneration in knock-out mice was unrelated to cell loss or a deficit in tracer transport. In vitro, exogenous IL-6 boosted sensory neuron growth status as evidenced by enhanced neurite extension. This effect required NGF or NT-3 but not soluble IL-6 receptor as cofactors. Evidence of conditioning lesion-enhanced growth status of DRGs cells can also be observed in vitro as an earlier and enhanced rate of neurite extension; this phenomenon fails in IL-6-/- mice preinjured 7d in vivo. We suggest that injury-induced IL-6 upregulation is required to promote regeneration within the CNS. Our results indicate that this is achieved through a boosted growth state of dorsal column projecting sensory neurons.
引用
收藏
页码:4432 / 4443
页数:12
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