Highly conductive PEDOT:PSS electrode by simple film treatment with methanol for ITO-free polymer solar cells

被引:736
作者
Alemu, Desalegn [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Wei, Hung-Yu [4 ]
Ho, Kuo-Chuan [4 ]
Chu, Chih-Wei [2 ,5 ]
机构
[1] Acad Sinica, Taiwan Int Grad Program, Nanosci & Technol Program, Taipei 115, Taiwan
[2] Acad Sinica, Res Ctr Appl Sci, Taipei 115, Taiwan
[3] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Engn & Syst Sci, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
[4] Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Polymer Sci & Engn, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
[5] Natl Chiao Tung Univ, Dept Photon, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
关键词
LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; STYRENE-SULFONATE FILMS; CARBON NANOTUBE FILMS; INDIUM-TIN-OXIDE; WORK FUNCTION; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; TRANSPARENT ELECTRODES; GRAPHENE FILMS; THIN-FILMS; ENHANCEMENT;
D O I
10.1039/c2ee22595f
中图分类号
O6 [化学];
学科分类号
0703 ;
摘要
We proposed a simple yet robust film treatment method with methanol having only one hydroxyl group to enhance the conductivity of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) by four orders of magnitude. Different methods of film treatment: immersing PEDOT:PSS film in the methanol solution; dropping methanol on the film; and a combination of these are employed and the results are compared. The conductivity of PEDOT:PSS films was enhanced from 0.3 S cm(-1) to 1362 S cm(-1) after film treatment with methanol. Other alcohols like ethanol and propanol were also used to treat the PEDOT:PSS film and showed inferior conductivity enhancement compared to methanol. The conductivity enhancement was greatly affected by the hydrophilicity and dielectric constant of the alcohols used. The mechanism of conductivity enhancement was investigated through various characterization techniques including FTIR, XPS and AFM. Removal of the insulator PSS from the film, and morphology and conformational changes are the mechanisms for the conductivity enhancement. The treated films also showed high transmittance and low sheet resistance desirable for a standalone electrode. ITO-free polymer solar cells were fabricated using PEDOT:PSS electrodes treated with methanol and showed almost equal performance to ITO electrodes.
引用
收藏
页码:9662 / 9671
页数:10
相关论文
共 63 条
[11]  
Dou LT, 2012, NAT PHOTONICS, V6, P180, DOI [10.1038/nphoton.2011.356, 10.1038/NPHOTON.2011.356]
[12]   Environmental and economic assessment of ITO-free electrodes for organic solar cells [J].
Emmott, Christopher J. M. ;
Urbina, Antonio ;
Nelson, Jenny .
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS, 2012, 97 :14-21
[13]   Solar cells with one-day energy payback for the factories of the future [J].
Espinosa, Nieves ;
Hosel, Markus ;
Angmo, Dechan ;
Krebs, Frederik C. .
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE, 2012, 5 (01) :5117-5132
[14]   Mechanism for dimethylformamide-treatment of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrene sulfonate) layer to enhance short circuit current of polymer solar cells [J].
Gong, Cheng ;
Yang, Hong Bin ;
Song, Qun Liang ;
Lu, Zhi Song ;
Li, Chang Ming .
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS, 2012, 100 :115-119
[15]  
Groenendaal BL, 2000, ADV MATER, V12, P481, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1521-4095(200004)12:7<481::AID-ADMA481>3.0.CO
[16]  
2-C
[17]   Carbon nanotube films for transparent and plastic electronics [J].
Gruner, G. .
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY, 2006, 16 (35) :3533-3539
[18]   FLEXIBLE LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES MADE FROM SOLUBLE CONDUCTING POLYMERS [J].
GUSTAFSSON, G ;
CAO, Y ;
TREACY, GM ;
KLAVETTER, F ;
COLANERI, N ;
HEEGER, AJ .
NATURE, 1992, 357 (6378) :477-479
[19]   High-conductivity poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) film for use in ITO-free polymer solar cells [J].
Hsiao, Yu-Sheng ;
Whang, Wha-Tzong ;
Chen, Chih-Ping ;
Chen, Yi-Chun .
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY, 2008, 18 (48) :5948-5955
[20]   Electrochemical characterization of the solvent-enhanced conductivity of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and its application in polymer solar cells [J].
Huang, Jen-Hsien ;
Kekuda, Dhananjay ;
Chu, Chih-Wei ;
Ho, Kuo-Chuan .
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY, 2009, 19 (22) :3704-3712