Cytochrome c and bioenergetic hypothetical model for alkaliphilic Bacillus spp.

被引:28
作者
Goto, T
Matsuno, T
Hishinuma-Narisawa, M
Yamazaki, K
Matsuyama, H
Inoue, N
Yumoto, I
机构
[1] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Res Inst Genome Based Biofactory, Toyohira Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0628517, Japan
[2] Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Agr, Kita Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608589, Japan
[3] Hokkaido Tokai Univ, Sch Engn, Dept Biosci & Technol, Minami Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0058601, Japan
[4] Hokkaido Univ, Fac Fisheries, Dept Marine Bioresources Chem, Hakodate, Hokkaido 0410821, Japan
关键词
alkaline adaptation; alkaliphilic; cytochrome c; Bacillus; ion capacity; H+-condenser; redox potential; membrane electrical potential;
D O I
10.1263/jbb.100.365
中图分类号
Q81 [生物工程学(生物技术)]; Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 0836 ; 090102 ; 100705 ;
摘要
Although a bioenergetic parameter is unfavorable for production of ATP (Delta pH < 0), the growth rate and yield of alkaliphilic Bacillus strains are higher than those of neutralophilic Bacillus subtilis. This finding suggests that alkaliphiles possess a unique energy-producing machinery taking advantage of the alkaline environment. Expected bioenergetic parameters for the production of ATP (Delta pH and Delta psi) do not reflect the actual parameters for energy production. Certain strains of alkaliphilic Bacillus spp. possess large amounts of cytochrome c when grown at a high pH. The growth rate and yield are higher at pH 10 than at pH 7 in facultative alkaliphiles. These findings suggest that a large amount of cytochrome c at high pHs (e.g., pH 10) may be advantageous for sustaining growth. To date, isolated cytochromes c of alkaliphiles have a very low midpoint redox potential (less than +100 mV) compared with those of neutralophiles (approximately +220 mV). On the other hand, the redox potential of the electron acceptor from cytochrome c, that is, cytochrome c oxidase, seems to be normal (redox potential of cytochrome a=+250 mV). This large difference in midpoint redox potential between cytochrome c and cytochrome a concomitant with the configuration (e.g., a larger negative ion capacity at the inner surface membrane than at the outer surface for the attraction of H+ to the intracellular membrane and a large amount of cyrochrome c) supporting H+-coupled electron transfer of cytochrome c may have an important meaning in the adaptation of alkaliphiles at high pHs. This respiratory system includes a more rapid and efficient H+ and e(-) flow across the membrane in alkaliphiles than in neutralophiles.
引用
收藏
页码:365 / 379
页数:15
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