Design, development and verification of the 30 and 44 GHz front-end modules for the Planck Low Frequency Instrument

被引：21

作者：

Davis, R. J. ^{[1
]}

Wilkinson, A. ^{[1
]}

Davies, R. D. ^{[1
]}

Winder, W. F. ^{[1
]}

Roddis, N. ^{[1
]}

Blackhurst, E. J. ^{[1
]}

Lawson, D. ^{[1
]}

Lowe, S. R. ^{[1
]}

Baines, C. ^{[1
]}

Butlin, M. ^{[1
]}

Galtress, A. ^{[1
]}

Shepherd, D. ^{[1
]}

Aja, B. ^{[2
]}

Artal, E. ^{[2
]}

Bersanelli, M. ^{[3
]}

Butler, R. C. ^{[4
]}

Castelli, C. ^{[5
]}

Cuttaia, F. ^{[4
]}

D'Arcangelo, O. ^{[6
]}

Gaier, T. ^{[7
]}

Hoyland, R. ^{[8
]}

Kettle, D. ^{[9
]}

Leonardi, R. ^{[10
]}

Mandolesi, N. ^{[4
]}

Mennella, A. ^{[3
]}

Meinhold, P. ^{[10
]}

Pospieszalski, M. ^{[11
]}

Stringhetti, L. ^{[4
]}

Tomasi, M. ^{[3
]}

Valenziano, L. ^{[4
]}

Zonca, A. ^{[3
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank, Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England

[2] Univ Cantabria, Dept Ingn Comunicac, E-39005 Santander, Spain

[3] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy

[4] INAF IASF Bologna, I-40129 Bologna, Italy

[5] Sci & Technol Facil Council, Swindon SN2 1SZ, Wilts, England

[6] IFP CNR, Milan, Italy

[7] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA

[8] Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38205 San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain

[9] Univ Manchester, Sch Elect & Elect Engn, Manchester M60 1QD, Lancs, England

[10] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA

[11] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA

来源：

JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION | 2009年 / 4卷

关键词：

Space instrumentation; HEMT amplifiers; Microwave radiometers; Instruments for CMB observations; BACKGROUND POWER SPECTRUM; 1/F NOISE; MICROWAVE; RADIOMETERS;

D O I：

10.1088/1748-0221/4/12/T12002

中图分类号：

TH7 [仪器、仪表];

学科分类号：

0804 ; 080401 ; 081102 ;

摘要：

We give a description of the design, construction and testing of the 30 and 44 GHz Front End Modules (FEMs) for the Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) of the Planck mission to be launched in 2009. The scientific requirements of the mission determine the performance parameters to be met by the FEMs, including their linear polarization characteristics. The FEM design is that of a differential pseudo-correlation radiometer in which the signal from the sky is compared with a 4-K blackbody load. The Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) at the heart of the FEM is based on indium phosphide High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs). The radiometer incorporates a novel phase-switch design which gives excellent amplitude and phase match across the band. The noise temperature requirements are met within the measurement errors at the two frequencies. For the most sensitive LNAs, the noise temperature at the band centre is 3 and 5 times the quantum limit at 30 and 44 GHz respectively. For some of the FEMs, the noise temperature is still falling as the ambient temperature is reduced to 20 K. Stability tests of the FEMs, including a measurement of the 1/f knee frequency, also meet mission requirements. The 30 and 44 GHz FEMs have met or bettered the mission requirements in all critical aspects. The most sensitive LNAs have reached new limits of noise temperature for HEMTs at their band centres. The FEMs have well-defined linear polarization characteristcs.

引用

页数：39

共 39 条

[11]

DESERT FX, 1990, ASTRON ASTROPHYS, V237, P215

[12] High-sensitivity measurements of the cosmic microwave background power spectrum with the extended Very Small Array [J].

Dickinson, C ;

Battye, RA ;

Carreira, P ;

Cleary, K ;

Davies, RD ;

Davis, RJ ;

Genova-Santos, R ;

Grainge, K ;

Gutiérrez, CM ;

Hafez, YA ;

Hobson, MP ;

Jones, ME ;

Kneissl, R ;

Lancaster, K ;

Lasenby, A ;

Leahy, JP ;

Maisinger, K ;

Ödman, C ;

Pooley, G ;

Rajguru, N ;

Rebolo, R ;

Rubiño-Martin, JA ;

Saunders, RDE ;

Savage, RS ;

Scaife, A ;

Scott, PF ;

Slosar, A ;

Molina, PS ;

Taylor, AC ;

Titterington, D ;

Waldram, E ;

Watson, RA ;

Wilkinson, A .

MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, 2004, 353 (03) :732-746

[13] Towards a free-free template for CMB foregrounds [J].

Dickinson, C ;

Davies, RD ;

Davis, RJ .

MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, 2003, 341 (02) :369-384

[14] Electric dipole radiation from spinning dust grains [J].

Draine, BT ;

Lazarian, A .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 1998, 508 (01) :157-179

[15]

Haslam C. G. T., 1982, Astronomy & Astrophysics Supplement Series, V47, P1

[16] Three-year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP1) observations:: Temperature analysis [J].

Hinshaw, G. ;

Nolta, M. R. ;

Bennett, C. L. ;

Bean, R. ;

Dore, O. ;

Greason, M. R. ;

Halpern, M. ;

Hill, R. S. ;

Jarosik, N. ;

Kogut, A. ;

Komatsu, E. ;

Limon, M. ;

Odegard, N. ;

Meyer, S. S. ;

Page, L. ;

Peiris, H. V. ;

Spergel, D. N. ;

Tucker, G. S. ;

Verde, L. ;

Weiland, J. L. ;

Wollack, E. ;

Wright, E. L. .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, 2007, 170 (02) :288-334

[17]

HOYLAND R, 2003, ESA WORKSH MILL WAV, V211, P305

[18] Three-year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP)1 observations:: Beam profiles, data processing, radiometer characterization, and systematic error limits [J].

Jarosik, N. ;

Barnes, C. ;

Greason, M. R. ;

Hill, R. S. ;

Nolta, M. R. ;

Odegard, N. ;

Weiland, J. L. ;

Bean, R. ;

Bennett, C. L. ;

Dore, O. ;

Halpern, M. ;

Hinshaw, G. ;

Kogut, A. ;

Komatsu, E. ;

Limon, M. ;

Meyer, S. S. ;

Page, L. ;

Spergel, D. N. ;

Tucker, G. S. ;

Wollack, E. ;

Wright, E. L. .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, 2007, 170 (02) :263-287

[19] Design, implementation, and testing of the Microwave Anisotropy Probe radiometers [J].

Jarosik, N ;

Bennett, CL ;

Halpern, M ;

Hinshaw, G ;

Kogut, A ;

Limon, M ;

Meyer, SS ;

Page, L ;

Pospieszalski, M ;

Spergel, DN ;

Tucker, GS ;

Wilkinson, DT ;

Wollack, E ;

Wright, EL ;

Zhang, Z .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, 2003, 145 (02) :413-436

[20] A measurement of the angular power spectrum of the CMB temperature anisotropy from the 2003 flight of BOOMERANG [J].

Jones, W. C. ;

Ade, P. A. R. ;

Bock, J. J. ;

Bond, J. R. ;

Borrill, J. ;

Boscaleri, A. ;

Cabella, P. ;

Contaldi, C. R. ;

Crill, B. P. ;

De Bernardis, P. ;

De Gasperis, G. ;

De Oliveira-Costa, A. ;

De Troia, G. ;

Di Stefano, G. ;

Hivon, E. ;

Jaffe, A. H. ;

Kisner, T. S. ;

Lange, A. E. ;

MacTavish, C. J. ;

Masi, S. ;

Mauskopf, P. D. ;

Melchiorri, A. ;

Montroy, T. E. ;

Natoli, P. ;

Netterfield, C. B. ;

Pascale, E. ;

Piacentini, F. ;

Pogosyan, D. ;

Polenta, G. ;

Prunet, S. ;

Ricciardi, S. ;

Romeo, G. ;

Ruhl, J. E. ;

Santini, P. ;

Tegmark, M. ;

Veneziani, M. ;

Vittorio, N. .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 2006, 647 (02) :823-832

← 1 2 3 4 →