Reversing DNA Methylation: Mechanisms, Genomics, and Biological Functions

被引：797

作者：

Wu, Hao ^{[1
,2
,3
,4
]}

Zhang, Yi ^{[1
,2
,3
,4
]}

机构：

[1] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA

[2] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston Childrens Hosp, Program Cellular & Mol Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA

[3] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Boston, MA 02115 USA

[4] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Harvard Stem Cell Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA

来源：

CELL | 2014年 / 156卷 / 1-2期

关键词：

EMBRYONIC STEM-CELLS; DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEINS; ACUTE MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; DE-NOVO METHYLATION; CPG BINDING DOMAIN; THYMINE DNA; GENE-EXPRESSION; TET PROTEINS; CXXC DOMAIN; 5-METHYLCYTOSINE OXIDATION;

D O I：

10.1016/j.cell.2013.12.019

中图分类号：

Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];

学科分类号：

071010 ; 081704 ;

摘要：

Methylation of cytosines in the mammalian genome represents a key epigenetic modification and is dynamically regulated during development. Compelling evidence now suggests that dynamic regulation of DNA methylation is mainly achieved through a cyclic enzymatic cascade comprised of cytosine methylation, iterative oxidation of methyl group by TET dioxygenases, and restoration of unmodified cytosines by either replication-dependent dilution or DNA glycosylase-initiated base excision repair. In this review, we discuss the mechanism and function of DNA demethylation in mammalian genomes, focusing particularly on how developmental modulation of the cytosine-modifying pathway is coupled to active reversal of DNA methylation in diverse biological processes.

引用

页码：45 / 68

页数：24

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