Effect of herbal molluscicides and their combinations on the reproduction of the snail Lymnaea acuminata

Effects of sublethal treatment (20 and 60% of LC50/24 h) of the plant-derived molluscicides Annona squamosa Linn. and Lawsonia inermis Linn. and their combinations with other herbal molluscicides, such as Cedrus deodara Roxb, Azadirachta indica A. Juss, bulb powder of Allium sativum Linn. and Polianthes tuberosa Linn., and oleoresin of Zingiber officinale Rose., and acetogenins extracted from the seeds of A. squamosa Linn., on the reproduction of the snail Lymnaea acuminata have been studied. It was observed that the plant-derived molluscicides singly and in binary combinations with other herbal molluscicides and the extracted acetogenins caused a significant reduction in the fecundity, hatchability, and survival of young snails. Withdrawal of the snails to fresh water after the above treatment caused a significant recovery in the fecundity of the snail Lymnaea acuminata. Twenty-four-hour sublethal treatment with the acetogenins caused a maximum reduction in the protein, amino acid, DNA, and RNA in the ovotestis of treated Lymnaea acuminata.