Atomic structure of the Si(113)-(3 x 1) surface: Charge transfer within tetramers

Atomic structure of the Si(113)3 x 1 surface was investigated by using synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy. The Si 2p core-level spectra were measured at surface-sensitive photon energy, 132 eV. From the fitting of the Si 2p core-level spectrum for the Si(113)3 x 1 surface, three surface components were resolved at binding energies of about 0.745, - 0.554, and 0.34 eV, respectively. The fitting results show that the dimers receive about 0.16 electrons and the rest of tetramers donate about 0.22 electrons on the Si(113)3 x 1 surface. This strongly supports the fact that the dimers and the rest of the tetramers are relaxed upward and downward, respectively, on Ranke's model.