Prevalence of pathological internet use among adolescents in Europe: demographic and social factors

被引：488

作者：

Durkee, Tony ^{[1
]}

Kaess, Michael ^{[2
,3
]}

Carli, Vladimir ^{[1
]}

Parzer, Peter ^{[2
]}

Wasserman, Camilla ^{[4
,5
]}

Floderus, Birgitta ^{[6
]}

Apter, Alan ^{[7
]}

Balazs, Judit ^{[8
,9
]}

Barzilay, Shira ^{[7
]}

Bobes, Julio ^{[10
,11
]}

Brunner, Romuald ^{[2
]}

Corcoran, Paul ^{[12
]}

Cosman, Doina ^{[13
]}

Cotter, Padraig ^{[12
]}

Despalins, Romain ^{[1
]}

Graber, Nadja ^{[14
]}

Guillemin, Francis ^{[15
]}

Haring, Christian ^{[14
]}

Kahn, Jean-Pierre ^{[16
]}

Mandelli, Laura ^{[5
,17
]}

Marusic, Dragan ^{[18
]}

Meszaros, Gergely ^{[8
]}

Musa, George J. ^{[4
]}

Postuvan, Vita ^{[18
]}

Resch, Franz ^{[2
]}

Saiz, Pilar A. ^{[10
,11
]}

Sisask, Merike ^{[19
]}

Varnik, Airi ^{[19
]}

Sarchiapone, Marco ^{[5
]}

Hoven, Christina W. ^{[4
,20
]}

Wasserman, Danuta ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Karolinska Inst, Natl Ctr Suicide Res & Prevent Mental Ill Hlth NA, S-17165 Stockholm, Sweden

[2] Heidelberg Univ, Sect Disorders Personal Dev, Ctr Psychosocial Med, Clin Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Heidelberg, Germany

[3] Orygen Youth Hlth, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

[4] Columbia Univ, New York State Psychiat Inst, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, New York, NY USA

[5] Univ Molise, Dept Hlth Sci, Campobasso, Italy

[6] Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, S-17165 Stockholm, Sweden

[7] Tel Aviv Univ, Feinberg Child Study Ctr, Schneider Childrens Med Ctr, Tel Aviv, Israel

[8] Vadaskert Child & Adolescent Psychiat Hosp, Budapest, Hungary

[9] Eotvos Lorand Univ, Inst Psychol, Budapest, Hungary

[10] Univ Oviedo, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Oviedo, Spain

[11] Ctr Invest Biomed Red Salud Mental CIBERSAM, Oviedo, Spain

[12] Natl Suicide Res Fdn, Cork, Ireland

[13] Iuliu Hatieganu Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Clin Psychol, Cluj Napoca, Romania

[14] UMIT, Res Div Mental Hlth, Hall In Tirol, Austria

[15] Nancy Univ Hosp, Inserm CIC EC, Nancy, France

[16] Univ H Poincare, Ctr Hosp Univ Nancy, Dept Psychiat, Nancy, France

[17] Univ Bologna, Inst Psychiat P Ottonello, Bologna, Italy

[18] Univ Primorska, Hlth Res Dept, PINT, Koper, Slovenia

[19] Tallinn Univ, Estonian Swedish Mental Hlth & Suicidol Inst, EE-200108 Tallinn, Estonia

[20] Columbia Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA

来源：

ADDICTION | 2012年 / 107卷 / 12期

关键词：

Adolescents; internet addiction; mental health; pathological internet use; risk-behaviors; school-based prevention; SEYLE; GAMBLING OPPORTUNITIES; DIAGNOSTIC-CRITERIA; FAMILY FACTORS; ADDICTION; ACCESS; DEFINITION; EXPERIENCE; YOUTH; SCHIZOPHRENIA; QUESTIONNAIRE;

D O I：

10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03946.x

中图分类号：

R194 [卫生标准、卫生检查、医药管理];

学科分类号：

摘要：

Aims To investigate the prevalence of pathological internet use (PIU) and maladaptive internet use (MIU) among adolescents in 11 European countries in relation to demographic, social factors and internet accessibility. Design Cross-sectional survey. Setting The 7th Framework European Union (EU) funded project, Saving and Empowering Young Lives in Europe (SEYLE), is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluating interventions for risk behaviours among adolescents in Austria, Estonia, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Romania, Slovenia and Spain, with Sweden serving as the coordinating centre. Participants A total of 11?956 adolescents (female/male: 6731/5225; mean age: 14.9 +/- 0.89) recruited from randomly selected schools within the 11 study sites. Measurements Internet users were classified by gender into three categories: adaptive, maladaptive and pathological, based on their score in the Young Diagnostic Questionnaire for Internet Addiction (YDQ). Findings The overall prevalence of PIU was 4.4%; it was higher among males than females (5.2% versus 3.8%) and differed between countries (lambda 2?=?309.98; d.f.?=?20; P?<?0.001). PIU correlated significantly with mean hours online and male gender. The highest-ranked online activities were watching videos, frequenting chatrooms and social networking; significantly higher rates of playing single-user games were found in males and social networking in females. Living in metropolitan areas was associated with PIU. Students not living with a biological parent, low parental involvement and parental unemployment showed the highest relative risks of both MIU and PIU. Conclusions Across a range of countries in Europe, using the Young Diagnostic Questionnaire for Internet Addiction yields a prevalence of pathological internet use of 4.4% among adolescents, but varies by country and gender; adolescents lacking emotional and psychological support are at highest risk.

引用

页码：2210 / 2222

页数：13

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