Moving knowledge of global burden into preventive action

Background Estimation of the global burden of disease and injury due to selected occupational factors is a topic of interest to policy makers, govemments, and intemational bodies. The World Health Organization (WHO) has implemented a Comparative Risk Assessment (CRA) to estimate risk to exposed populations. Methods Estimates of the risk factor-burden relationships by age, sex, and WHO subregion were generated. Risk measurements (relative risks and mortality rates)for the health outcomes were deterinined primarily from studies published in peer review journals. The resulting burden was described as the attributable fraction of disease or, i. injury. , using both mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Results The papers in this issue include discussions of worldwide mortality and morbidity from lung cancer, leukemia, and malignant mesothelioma arising from occupational exposures; mortality and morbidity from asthma, COPD, and pneumoconiosis; the global burden of low back pain; exposure to contaminated sharps injuries among health care workers; noise-induced hearing loss; and occupational injuries. Three papers focus on economic issues: estimation of net-costs for prevention of occupational low back pain; cost e effectiveness of occupational health interventions; and the cost effectiveness of interventions in the prevention of silicosis. Conclusions The magnitude of the occupational health burden in. the world is overwhelming, and the causes and mechanisms are multiple and complex. Commitment from all stakeholders is imperative to translate economic-progress into sustainable human development and well-being. Am.J. Ind. Med.48:395-399, 2005. (c) 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.