Sarcopenia and physical function are associated with inflammation and arteriosclerosis in community-dwelling people: The Yakumo study

Objectives: Sarcopenia reduces physical function, while chronic inflammation causes arteriosclerosis and decreases skeletal muscle. We conducted a cross-sectional study to elucidate the associations among sarcopenia, physical function, arteriosclerosis, and inflammation in community-dwelling people.Methods: We recruited 335 participants in an annual health checkup. We diagnosed sarcopenia based on appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (aSMI) assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis. We measured several physical function tests, blood pressure, and serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.Results: After controlling for age, sex, and BMI, participants in the sarcopenia group showed lower performance in all measured physical tests than the normal group. Arteriosclerosis risk factors, including blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and hs-CRP, were significantly higher in the sarcopenia group than in the normal group. hs-CRP and total cholesterol levels were significant risk factors of sarcopenia. The aSMI, grip strength, and maximum stride length were negatively related to hs-CRP level.Conclusions: Community-dwelling people with sarcopenia had higher levels of hs-CRP and a higher risk for arteriosclerosis. The serum level of hs-CRP was an independent risk factor for sarcopenia and was associated with physical function. These findings indicate that chronic inflammation may relate arteriosclerosis and sarcopenia simultaneously.